וַיְהִ֗י מִֽמָּחֳרַ֤ת הַחֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וַיִּפָּקֵ֖ד מְקֹ֣ום דָּוִ֑ד ס וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־יְהֹונָתָ֣ן בְּנֹ֔ו מַדּ֜וּעַ לֹא־בָ֧א בֶן־יִשַׁ֛י גַּם־תְּמֹ֥ול גַּם־הַיֹּ֖ום אֶל־הַלָּֽחֶם׃
And it was on the next day, the second of the new moon, that Dawid’s place was empty. And Shaʾul said to Yehonatan his son, “Why has the son of Yishai not come to the meal, neither yesterday nor today?”
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Marks the passage of time.
- מִֽמָּחֳרַ֤ת (mi-maḥorat) – Root: מחר (maḥar); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “on the next day”; Notes: Indicates time reference.
- הַחֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ (ha-ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the new moon”; Notes: Refers to the new month.
- הַשֵּׁנִ֔י (ha-sheni) – Root: שני (sheni); Form: Adjective, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the second”; Notes: Specifies the second day.
- וַיִּפָּקֵ֖ד (vayyippaqed) – Root: פקד (paqad); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Nifal; Translation: “was empty”; Notes: Indicates absence.
- מְקֹ֣ום (meqom) – Root: מקום (maqom); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “place”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s seat.
- דָּוִ֑ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Possessor of the empty place.
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- שָׁאוּל֙ (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶל־יְהֹונָתָ֣ן (el-Yehonatan) – Root: יהונתן (Yehonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Yehonatan”; Notes: Directs speech.
- בְּנֹ֔ו (beno) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his son”; Notes: Describes Yehonatan’s relationship.
- מַדּ֜וּעַ (madduaʿ) – Root: מדוע (madduaʿ); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces a question.
- לֹא־בָ֧א (lo-ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “has not come”; Notes: Negated action.
- בֶן־יִשַׁ֛י (ben-Yishai) – Root: ישי (Yishai); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the son of Yishai”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- גַּם־תְּמֹ֥ול (gam-temol) – Root: אתמול (etmol); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also yesterday”; Notes: Indicates the first day of absence.
- גַּם־הַיֹּ֖ום (gam-ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Adverb + noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “also today”; Notes: Refers to the second day.
- אֶל־הַלָּֽחֶם׃ (el-ha-leḥem) – Root: לחם (leḥem); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “to the meal”; Notes: Refers to the royal table.