וַיֹּ֣רִדֵ֔הוּ וְהִנֵּ֥ה נְטֻשִׁ֖ים עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אֹכְלִ֤ים וְשֹׁתִים֙ וְחֹ֣גְגִ֔ים בְּכֹל֙ הַשָּׁלָ֣ל הַגָּדֹ֔ול אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֛וּ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץ יְהוּדָֽה׃
And he brought him down, and behold, they were spread out over all the land, eating and drinking and celebrating with all the great spoil that they had taken from the land of the Pelishtim and from the land of Yehuda.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣רִדֵ֔הוּ (va-yoridehu) – Root: ירד; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And he brought him down”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptian leading Dawid to the raiders.
- וְהִנֵּ֥ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “And behold”; Notes: Indicates a surprising or significant sight.
- נְטֻשִׁ֖ים (netushim) – Root: נטש; Form: Nifal participle masculine plural; Translation: “spread out”; Notes: Describes the raiders scattered over the land.
- עַל־פְּנֵ֣י (ʿal-penei) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition with construct noun; Translation: “over the face of”; Notes: Indicates extent.
- כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ (kol-ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “all the land”; Notes: Emphasizes widespread presence.
- אֹכְלִ֤ים (okhlim) – Root: אכל; Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “eating”; Notes: Part of their celebration.
- וְשֹׁתִים֙ (ve-shotim) – Root: שתה; Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “and drinking”; Notes: Enjoying their spoils.
- וְחֹ֣גְגִ֔ים (ve-ḥogegim) – Root: חגג; Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “and celebrating”; Notes: Engaged in festivity.
- בְּכֹל֙ (be-kol) – Root: כל; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “with all”; Notes: Highlights totality.
- הַשָּׁלָ֣ל (ha-shalal) – Root: שלל; Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the spoil”; Notes: Refers to the loot.
- הַגָּדֹ֔ול (ha-gadol) – Root: גדל; Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the great”; Notes: Describes the vastness of the loot.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- לָקְח֛וּ (laqḥu) – Root: לקח; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they had taken”; Notes: Refers to the raiders’ actions.
- מֵאֶ֥רֶץ (me-eretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “from the land of”; Notes: Marks origin of the spoil.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת; Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: One of the locations plundered.
- וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץ (u-me-eretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “and from the land of”; Notes: Another plundered region.
- יְהוּדָֽה׃ (Yehudah) – Root: יהודה; Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Affected region.