בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְשָׁלֹ֤שׁ שָׁנָה֙ יְהֹואָחָ֣ז בְּמָלְכֹ֔ו וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמֹּ֔ו חֲמוּטַ֥ל בַּֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מִלִּבְנָֽה׃
Yehoʾaḥaz was twenty-three years old when he began to reign, and he reigned three months in Yerushalayim. And the name of his mother was Ḥamutal daughter of Yirmeyahu from Livna.
Morphology
- בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְשָׁלֹ֤שׁ (ben-ʿesrim ve-shalosh) – Root: בן, עשרים, שלוש; Form: Construct noun + numeral; Translation: “twenty-three (years old)”; Notes: Indicates Yehoʾaḥaz’s age.
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Follows Hebrew convention of age expression.
- יְהֹואָחָ֣ז (Yehoʾaḥaz) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoʾaḥaz”; Notes: Son of Yoshiyahu.
- בְּמָלְכֹ֔ו (be-mal’kho) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he began to reign”; Notes: Temporal clause marking the start of reign.
- וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה (u-sheloshah) – Root: שלוש; Form: Conjunction + numeral masculine; Translation: “and three”; Notes: Counts the duration of his reign in months.
- חֳדָשִׁ֔ים (ḥodashim) – Root: חדש; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “months”; Notes: Completes the time phrase.
- מָלַ֖ךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Describes the rule of Yehoʾaḥaz.
- בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital of Yehudah and location of his reign.
- וְשֵׁ֣ם (ve-shem) – Root: שם; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the name”; Notes: Introduces maternal lineage.
- אִמֹּ֔ו (immo) – Root: אם; Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his mother”; Notes: Important detail in royal descriptions.
- חֲמוּטַ֥ל (Ḥamutal) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥamutal”; Notes: Queen mother of Yehoʾaḥaz.
- בַּֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ (bat-Yirmeyahu) – Root: בת, ירמיהו; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Yirmeyahu”; Notes: Establishes maternal ancestry.
- מִלִּבְנָֽה (mi-Livnah) – Root: לבנה; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Livnah”; Notes: A city in Yehudah, geographic context.