בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְאַחַ֤ת שָׁנָה֙ צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ בְמָלְכֹ֔ו וְאַחַ֤ת עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמֹּ֔ו חֲמִיטַל בַּֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מִלִּבְנָֽה׃
Tsidqiyahu was twenty-one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Yerushalayim. And the name of his mother was Ḥamital, daughter of Yirmeyahu, from Livna.
Morphology
- בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים (ben-ʿesrim) – Root: בן + עשרים; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + numeral; Translation: “twenty”; Notes: Introduces age.
- וְאַחַ֤ת (ve-aḥat) – Root: אחד; Form: Conjunction + numeral feminine singular; Translation: “and one”; Notes: Combined with twenty to form “twenty-one.”
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Unit of age.
- צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ (Tsidqiyahu) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Name; Translation: “Tsidqiyahu”; Notes: Final king of Yehudah before the exile.
- בְמָלְכֹ֔ו (be-malko) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he began to reign”; Notes: Idiomatic expression marking the start of kingship.
- וְאַחַ֤ת (ve-aḥat) – Root: אחד; Form: Conjunction + numeral feminine singular; Translation: “and one”; Notes: First digit in the reign duration.
- עֶשְׂרֵה֙ (ʿesreh) – Root: עשר; Form: Numeral; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Combined to form “eleven.”
- שָׁנָ֔ה (shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “years”; Notes: Length of Tsidqiyahu’s reign.
- מָלַ֖ךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Main verb describing his rule.
- בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital city of Yehudah.
- וְשֵׁ֣ם (ve-shem) – Root: שם; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the name”; Notes: Introduces maternal lineage.
- אִמֹּ֔ו (immo) – Root: אם; Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his mother”; Notes: Identifies royal matrilineal connection.
- חֲמִיטַל (Ḥamital) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Name; Translation: “Ḥamital”; Notes: Also the mother of King Yehoyaqim.
- בַּֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ (bat-Yirmeyahu) – Root: בת + ירמיהו; Form: Construct noun feminine singular + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Yirmeyahu”; Notes: Links her to another well-known figure, not the prophet.
- מִלִּבְנָֽה (mi-Livnah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Livnah”; Notes: Identifies her place of origin.