וַֽיְהִי֙ הֵ֣מָּה בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְהַשְּׁמֻעָ֣ה בָ֔אָה אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הִכָּ֤ה אַבְשָׁלֹום֙ אֶת־כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְלֹֽא־נֹותַ֥ר מֵהֶ֖ם אֶחָֽד׃ ס
And it came to pass, while they were on the way, that the report came to Dawid, saying, “Avshalom has struck down all the sons of the king, and not one of them is left.”
Morphology
- וַֽיְהִי֙ (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Common narrative opener.
- הֵ֣מָּה (hema) – Root: Pronoun; Form: 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Refers to the sons of the king.
- בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ (ba-derekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the way”; Notes: Describes location of the action.
- וְהַשְּׁמֻעָ֣ה (ve-ha-shemuʿah) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Conjunction + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the report”; Notes: Refers to the news or rumor.
- בָ֔אָה (vaʾah) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “came”; Notes: Refers to the report reaching Dawid.
- אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד (el-Dawid) – Root: אל (el) + proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper name; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Indicates recipient of the report.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- הִכָּ֤ה (hikkah) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has struck down”; Notes: Violent action.
- אַבְשָׁלֹום֙ (Avshalom) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular proper name; Translation: “Avshalom”; Notes: Subject of the verb הִכָּה.
- אֶת־כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י (et-kol-benei) – Root: כל (kol) + בן (ben); Form: Accusative marker + construct phrase; Translation: “all the sons of”; Notes: Object of the striking.
- הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s sons.
- וְלֹֽא־נֹותַ֥ר (ve-lo-notar) – Root: יתר (yatar); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and not one was left”; Notes: Describes complete destruction.
- מֵהֶ֖ם (mehem) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of them”; Notes: Refers to the sons of the king.
- אֶחָֽד (eḥad) – Root: אחד (eḥad); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Emphasizes total loss.