וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל֙ אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם בֹּ֚וא אֶל־פִּלַגְשֵׁ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִנִּ֖יחַ לִשְׁמֹ֣ור הַבָּ֑יִת וְשָׁמַ֤ע כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כִּֽי־נִבְאַ֣שְׁתָּ אֶת־אָבִ֔יךָ וְחָ֣זְק֔וּ יְדֵ֖י כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתָּֽךְ׃
And Aḥitofel said to Avshalom, “Go in to your father’s concubines, whom he has left to keep the house; and all Yisraʾel will hear that you have made yourself loathsome to your father, and the hands of all who are with you will be strengthened.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Aḥitofel’s speech.
- אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל (Aḥitofel) – Root: אחיתפל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Aḥitofel”; Notes: Counselor of Avshalom.
- אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם (el-Avshalom) – Root: אבשלום; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Avshalom”; Notes: Addressee of the counsel.
- בֹּ֚וא (bo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Go in”; Notes: Command form, euphemism for sexual relations.
- אֶל־פִּלַגְשֵׁ֣י (el-pilagshei) – Root: פלגש; Form: Preposition + plural construct form; Translation: “to the concubines of”; Notes: Feminine plural in construct.
- אָבִ֔יךָ (avikha) – Root: אב; Form: Noun + 2ms suffix; Translation: “your father”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- הִנִּ֖יחַ (hinniyaḥ) – Root: נוח; Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “he left”; Notes: Causative meaning—left them behind.
- לִשְׁמֹ֣ור (lishmor) – Root: שמר; Form: Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to keep”; Notes: Expresses purpose.
- הַבָּ֑יִת (ha-bayit) – Root: בית; Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the house”; Notes: Refers to the royal household.
- וְשָׁמַ֤ע (ve-shamaʿ) – Root: שמע; Form: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “and will hear”; Notes: Predicts result of the action.
- כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (kol-Yisraʾel) – Root: כל, ישראל; Form: Noun + proper noun; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Entire nation.
- כִּֽי־נִבְאַ֣שְׁתָּ (ki-nivʾashta) – Root: בושׁ; Form: Nifal perfect 2nd masculine singular; Translation: “that you have made yourself loathsome”; Notes: Passive-reflexive verb.
- אֶת־אָבִ֔יךָ (et-avikha) – Root: אב; Form: Object marker + noun + 2ms suffix; Translation: “to your father”; Notes: Object of loathing.
- וְחָ֣זְק֔וּ (ve-ḥazqu) – Root: חזק; Form: Qal perfect 3rd common plural; Translation: “and will be strengthened”; Notes: Refers to morale or determination.
- יְדֵ֖י (yedei) – Root: יד; Form: Noun, dual construct; Translation: “the hands of”; Notes: Construct chain indicating agency.
- כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר (kol-asher) – Root: כל, אשר; Form: Noun + relative pronoun; Translation: “all who”; Notes: Inclusive reference to allies.
- אִתָּֽךְ (ittakh) – Root: את; Form: Preposition + 2ms suffix; Translation: “are with you”; Notes: Refers to Avshalom’s supporters.