וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִד֮ אֶל־מִיכַל֒ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּֽחַר־בִּ֤י מֵֽאָבִיךְ֙ וּמִכָּל־בֵּיתֹ֔ו לְצַוֹּ֨ת אֹתִ֥י נָגִ֛יד עַל־עַ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְשִׂחַקְתִּ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
And Dawid said to Mikhal, “Before YHWH, who chose me over your father and over all his house to appoint me ruler over the people of YHWH, over Yisraʾel—therefore I have celebrated before YHWH.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: introduces direct speech.
- דָּוִד֮ (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun ms absolute; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: subject speaking.
- אֶל־מִיכַל֒ (ʾel-Mikhal) – Root: מיכל (Mikhal); Form: Preposition + proper noun fs; Translation: “to Mikhal”; Notes: indirect object of speech.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifne) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “before”; Notes: indicates position or presence.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Divine Name.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: introduces relative clause.
- בָּֽחַר־ (baḥar) – Root: בחר (baḥar); Form: Qal perfect, 3ms; Translation: “chose”; Notes: divine selection.
- בִּ֤י (bi) – Root: ב (be); Form: Preposition + 1cs suffix; Translation: “in me”; Notes: denotes selection.
- מֵֽאָבִיךְ֙ (meʾavikh) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Preposition מ + noun ms construct + 2fs suffix; Translation: “over your father”; Notes: comparison of preference.
- וּמִכָּל־בֵּיתֹ֔ו (umikol-beito) – Root: כל (kol), בית (bayit); Form: Conjunction ו + preposition מ + noun ms construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “and over all his house”; Notes: indicates further comparison.
- לְצַוֹּ֨ת (letsawwot) – Root: צוה (tsawah); Form: Piel infinitive construct + preposition ל; Translation: “to appoint”; Notes: indicates purpose.
- אֹתִ֥י (ʾoti) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object pronoun 1cs; Translation: “me”; Notes: object of infinitive.
- נָגִ֛יד (nagid) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Noun ms absolute; Translation: “ruler”; Notes: title indicating leader or prince.
- עַל־עַ֥ם (ʿal-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition + noun ms construct; Translation: “over the people”; Notes: indicates jurisdiction.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “of YHWH”; Notes: possessive indication, YHWH’s people.
- עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (ʿal-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Preposition + proper noun ms absolute; Translation: “over Yisraʾel”; Notes: specific identification of people.
- וְשִׂחַקְתִּ֖י (vesiḥaqti) – Root: שׂחק (saḥaq); Form: Piel perfect consecutive, 1cs; Translation: “and I have celebrated”; Notes: expresses joyful worship or celebration.
- לִפְנֵ֥י (lifne) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “before”; Notes: indicates presence or action toward.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: reiteration emphasizes focus of action.