וַיָּ֨שֶׂם דָּוִ֤ד נְצִבִים֙ בַּאֲרַ֣ם דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק וַתְּהִ֤י אֲרָם֙ לְדָוִ֔ד לַעֲבָדִ֖ים נֹושְׂאֵ֣י מִנְחָ֑ה וַיֹּ֤שַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃
And Dawid placed garrisons in Aram of Dammeseq, and Aram became servants to Dawid, bearing tribute. And YHWH gave victory to Dawid wherever he went.
Morphology
- וַיָּ֨שֶׂם (va-yasem) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he placed”; Notes: Introduces Dawid’s establishment of control.
- דָּוִ֤ד (Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the action.
- נְצִבִים֙ (netsivim) – Root: נצב (natsav); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “garrisons”; Notes: Military outposts or stationed officers.
- בַּאֲרַ֣ם דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק (ba-Aram Dammesek) – Root: Proper noun phrase; Form: Preposition + definite noun + proper noun; Translation: “in Aram of Dammesek”; Notes: Specifies the region of Syria.
- וַתְּהִ֤י (va-tehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3fs; Translation: “and it became”; Notes: Refers back to Aram (feminine).
- אֲרָם֙ (Aram) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Feminine singular; Translation: “Aram”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- לְדָוִ֔ד (le-Dawid) – Root: Proper noun with preposition; Form: Prepositional phrase; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Indicates possession or allegiance.
- לַעֲבָדִ֖ים (laʿavadim) – Root: עבד (ʿeved); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “as servants”; Notes: Subjugated status.
- נֹושְׂאֵ֣י (noseʾei) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “bearing”; Notes: Construct form with next word.
- מִנְחָ֑ה (minḥah) – Root: מנחה (minḥah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “tribute”; Notes: Tribute paid to Dawid as sign of subjugation.
- וַיֹּ֤שַׁע (va-yoshaʿ) – Root: ישׁע (yashaʿ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and [He] gave victory / saved”; Notes: YHWH is the implied subject.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject who grants success.
- אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד (et-Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Accusative marker + proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Recipient of divine help.
- בְּכֹ֖ל (be-kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Preposition + noun; Translation: “in all”; Notes: Introduces scope.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that / which”; Notes: Links to following verb.
- הָלָֽךְ (halakh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “he went”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s activities or campaigns.