וַיִּתֵּ֥ן יֹואָ֛ב אֶת־מִסְפַּ֥ר מִפְקַד־הָעָ֖ם אֶל־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַתְּהִ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל שְׁמֹנֶה֩ מֵאֹ֨ות אֶ֤לֶף אִֽישׁ־חַ֨יִל֙ שֹׁ֣לֵֽף חֶ֔רֶב וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה חֲמֵשׁ־מֵאֹ֥ות אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ׃
And Yoʾav gave the number of the census of the people to the king, and Yisraʾel was eight hundred thousand men of valor drawing the sword, and the men of Yehuda were five hundred thousand men.
Morphology
- וַיִּתֵּן (vayyitten) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he gave”; Notes: Refers to Yoʾav giving the census report.
- יֹואָב (Yoʾav) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoʾav”; Notes: Commander of the army under Dawid.
- אֶת־מִסְפַּר (et-mispar) – Root: ספר; Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the number of”; Notes: Introduces the data of the census.
- מִפְקַד־הָעָם (mifqad-ha-ʿam) – Root: פקד; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + definite noun; Translation: “the census of the people”; Notes: Military or administrative enumeration.
- אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ (el-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- וַתְּהִי (vatt’hi) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it was”; Notes: Refers to the total of Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the northern tribes excluding Yehudah.
- שְׁמֹנֶה מֵאֹות אֶלֶף (shemoneh meʾot elef) – Root: שמונה, מאה, אלף; Form: Cardinal numbers; Translation: “eight hundred thousand”; Notes: Indicates the number of fighting men in Yisraʾel.
- אִישׁ־חַיִל (ʾish-ḥayil) – Root: איש, חיל; Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “men of valor”; Notes: Military capable men.
- שֹׁלֵף חֶרֶב (sholef ḥerev) – Root: שלף, חרב; Form: Active participle + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “drawing the sword”; Notes: A martial description.
- וְאִישׁ יְהוּדָה (ve-ish Yehudah) – Root: איש, יהודה; Form: Conjunction + noun + proper noun; Translation: “and the men of Yehudah”; Notes: Distinct from the northern tribes.
- חֲמֵשׁ־מֵאֹות אֶלֶף (ḥamesh meʾot elef) – Root: חמש, מאה, אלף; Form: Cardinal numbers; Translation: “five hundred thousand”; Notes: Number of fighting men from Yehudah.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “man”; Notes: Collective for “men.”