חללה לך מעשת כדבר הזה להמית צדיק עם רשע והיה כצדיק כרשע חללה לך השפט כל הארץ לא יעשה משפט׃
Gen 18:25 [Samaritan]
חלילה לך מעשת כדבר הזה להמית צדיק עם רשע והיה כצדיק כרשע חלילה לך השפט כל הארץ לא יעשה משפט׃
* מעשת v.l. מעשות
Gen 18:25 [Masoretic]
חָלִלָה לְּךָ מֵעֲשֹׂת ׀ כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה לְהָמִית צַדִּיק עִם־רָשָׁע וְהָיָה כַצַּדִּיק כָּרָשָׁע חָלִלָה לָּךְ הֲשֹׁפֵט כָּל־הָאָרֶץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה מִשְׁפָּֽט׃
Gen 18:25 [Targum Onkelos]
קוּשְׁטָא אִינּוּן דִּינָךְ מִלְּמַעַבַּד כְּפִתְגָּמָא הָדֵין לְשֵׁיצָאָה זַכָּאָה עִם חַיָבָא וִיהֵי זַכָּאָה כְּחַיָבָא קוּשְׁטָא אִינּוּן דִּינָּךְ דַּיָן כָּל אַרְעָא בְּרַם יַעַבֵיד דִּינָא׃
Gen 18:25 [Peshitta]
ܚܣ ܠܟ ܕܬܥܒܕ ܦܬܓܡܐ ܗܢܐ܂ ܕܬܩܛܘܠ ܙܟܝܐ ܥܡ ܚܝܿܒܐ܂ ܘܢܗܘܐ ܙܟܝܐ ܐܝܟ ܚܝܿܒܐ܂ ܚܣ ܠܟ ܕܝܿܢܐ ܕܟܠܗܿ ܐܪܥܐ܂ ܠܐ ܢܬܥܒܕ ܕܝܢܼܐ ܗܢܐ܂
חָלִ֨ילָה לְּךָ֜ מֵעֲשֹׂ֣ת כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֗ה לְהָמִ֤ית צַדִּיק֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע וְהָיָ֥ה כַצַּדִּ֖יק כָּרָשָׁ֑ע חָלִ֣ילָה לָּ֔ךְ הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה מִשְׁפָּֽט׃
Far be it from You to do such a thing, to slay the righteous with the wicked, and so the righteous would be like the wicked. Far be it from You! Will not the Judge of all the earth do justice?”
Morphology
- חָלִ֨ילָה (ḥalilah) – Root: חלל (ḥll); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Far be it”; Notes: Expresses a strong objection or prohibition.
- לְּךָ֜ (lekha) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “from You”; Notes: Directed toward the divine addressee.
- מֵעֲשֹׂ֣ת (me’asot) – Root: עשה (ʿsh); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct with preposition מ; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Indicates the act being objected to.
- כַדָּבָ֣ר (kadavar) – Root: דבר (dbr); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “such a thing”; Notes: Refers to the described action.
- הַזֶּ֗ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the act.
- לְהָמִ֤ית (lehamit) – Root: מות (mwt); Form: Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive Construct with preposition ל; Translation: “to slay”; Notes: Denotes the act of causing death.
- צַדִּיק֙ (tzaddiq) – Root: צדק (tzdq); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “righteous”; Notes: Describes a person with moral integrity.
- עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע (ʿim-rasha) – Root: רשע (rshʿ); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “with the wicked”; Notes: Indicates association or grouping.
- וְהָיָ֥ה (vehayah) – Root: היה (hyy); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and it would be”; Notes: Introduces a result or consequence.
- כַצַּדִּ֖יק (katzaddiq) – Root: צדק (tzdq); Form: Adjective with prefix כ (as/like); Translation: “like the righteous”; Notes: Comparison of moral states.
- כָרָשָׁ֑ע (karasha) – Root: רשע (rshʿ); Form: Adjective with prefix כ (as/like); Translation: “like the wicked”; Notes: Comparison of moral states.
- חָלִ֣ילָה (ḥalilah) – Root: חלל (ḥll); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Far be it”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- לָּ֔ךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “from You”; Notes: Directed toward the divine addressee.
- הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ (hashofet) – Root: שפט (shft); Form: Participle, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the Judge”; Notes: Refers to God’s role as ultimate judge.
- כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ (kol-haaretz) – Root: ארץ (artz); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “of all the earth”; Notes: Specifies the scope of judgment.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה (yaaseh) – Root: עשה (ʿsh); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “do”; Notes: Refers to carrying out justice.
- מִשְׁפָּֽט (mishpat) – Root: שפט (shpt); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Represents fair judgment or decision.