ויצא לוט וידבר אל חתניו לקחי בנתיו ויאמר קומו צאו מן המקום הזה כי משחית יהוה את העיר ויהי כמצחק בעיני חתניו׃
Gen 19:14 [Samaritan]
ויצא לוט וידבר אל חתניו לקחי בנתיו ויאמר קומו צאו מן המקום הזה כי משחית יהוה את העיר ויהי כמצחק בעיני חתניו׃
Gen 19:14 [Masoretic]
וַיֵּצֵא לֹוט וַיְדַבֵּר ׀ אֶל־חֲתָנָיו ׀ לֹקְחֵי בְנֹתָיו וַיֹּאמֶר קוּמוּ צְּאוּ מִן־הַמָּקֹום הַזֶּה כִּֽי־מַשְׁחִית יְהוָה אֶת־הָעִיר וַיְהִי כִמְצַחֵק בְּעֵינֵי חֲתָנָֽיו׃
Gen 19:14 [Targum Onkelos]
וּנְפַק לוֹט וּמַלֵּיל עִם חַתְנוֹהִי נָסְבֵי בְנָתֵיהּ וְאָמַר קוּמוּ פוּקוּ מִן אַתְרָא הָדֵין אֲרֵי מְחַבֵיל יְיָ יַת קַרְתָּא וַהֲוָה כִּמְחָאִיךְ בְּעֵינֵי חַתנוֹהִי׃
Gen 19:14 [Peshitta]
ܘܢܦܼܩ ܠܘܛ ܘܡܠܠ ܥܡ ܚ̈ܬܢܘܗܝ ܢܣ̈ܒܝ ܒܢ̈ܬܗ܂ ܘܐܡܼܪ ܠܗܘܢ܂ ܩܘܡܘ ܦܘܩܘ ܡܢ ܐܬܪܐ ܗܢܐ܂ ܡܛܠ ܕܡܚܒܠ ܠܗ ܡܪܝܐ܂ ܘܗܘܐ ܐܝܟ ܡܿܓܚܟ ܒܥܝܢ̈ܝ ܚ̈ܬܢܘܗܝ.
וַיֵּצֵ֨א לֹ֜וט וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־חֲתָנָ֣יו לֹקְחֵ֣י בְנֹתָ֗יו וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ ק֤וּמוּ צְּאוּ֙ מִן־הַמָּקֹ֣ום הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־מַשְׁחִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הָעִ֑יר וַיְהִ֥י כִמְצַחֵ֖ק בְּעֵינֵ֥י חֲתָנָֽיו׃
And Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, those who were to marry his daughters, and said, “Get up! Leave this place, for YHWH is about to destroy the city.” But he seemed to his sons-in-law as one who was joking.
Morphology
- וַיֵּצֵ֨א (vayyetze) – Root: יצא (y-tz-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he went out”; Notes: Refers to Lot leaving his house.
- לֹ֜וט (Lot) – Root: לוט (L-w-ṭ); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Lot”; Notes: The subject of the action.
- וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר (vayyedabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Verb, Piel, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he spoke”; Notes: Indicates direct communication.
- אֶל־חֲתָנָ֣יו (el-ḥatanav) – Root: חתן (ḥ-t-n); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “to his sons-in-law”; Notes: Refers to the men betrothed to Lot’s daughters.
- לֹקְחֵ֣י (loqḥei) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Participle, Qal, masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who were to marry”; Notes: Describes their relationship to Lot’s daughters.
- בְנֹתָ֗יו (benotav) – Root: בת (b-t); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his daughters”; Notes: Refers to Lot’s female offspring.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ (vayyo’mer) – Root: אמר (‘mr); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces Lot’s urgent speech.
- ק֤וּמוּ (qumu) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2mp; Translation: “get up”; Notes: A command urging immediate action.
- צְּאוּ֙ (tze’u) – Root: יצא (y-tz-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2mp; Translation: “leave”; Notes: A directive to evacuate.
- מִן־הַמָּקֹ֣ום (min-hammaqom) – Root: מקום (m-q-w-m); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “from this place”; Notes: Refers to the city of Sodom.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (z-h); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the location being referenced.
- כִּֽי־ (ki-) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the urgency.
- מַשְׁחִ֥ית (mashḥit) – Root: שחת (sh-ḥ-t); Form: Participle, Hifil, masculine singular; Translation: “is about to destroy”; Notes: Describes the LORD’s impending action.
- יְהוָ֖ה (Adonai) – Root: יהוה (Y-H-W-H); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: The subject carrying out the destruction.
- אֶת־הָעִ֑יר (et-ha’ir) – Root: עיר (‘yr); Form: Definite direct object marker with noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the city”; Notes: Refers to Sodom.
- וַיְהִ֥י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “but he was”; Notes: Marks a shift in perspective to the reaction of Lot’s sons-in-law.
- כִמְצַחֵ֖ק (kimtzacheq) – Root: צחק (tz-ḥ-q); Form: Participle, Piel, masculine singular; Translation: “as one who was joking”; Notes: Indicates that Lot’s warning was not taken seriously.
- בְּעֵינֵ֥י (be’einei) – Root: עין (‘-y-n); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine dual construct; Translation: “in the eyes of”; Notes: Expresses the perception of Lot’s sons-in-law.
- חֲתָנָֽיו (ḥatanav) – Root: חתן (ḥ-t-n); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his sons-in-law”; Notes: Refers to those engaged to Lot’s daughters.