וְאֶל־לֵ֧ב שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶ֛ם וְתֹועֲבֹותֵיהֶ֖ם לִבָּ֣ם הֹלֵ֑ךְ דַּרְכָּם֙ בְּרֹאשָׁ֣ם נָתַ֔תִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃
But to the heart of their abominations and their detestable things their heart goes; their way upon their head I have given,” declares the Lord YHWH.
Morphology
- וְאֶל־ (ve-el) – Root: אל; Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “but to”; Notes: Introduces direction toward something.
- לֵב (lev) – Root: לבב; Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “heart of”; Notes: Figurative center of devotion.
- שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם (shiqqutseihem) – Root: שׁקץ; Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their abominations”; Notes: Refers to idols or cultic defilements.
- וְתֹועֲבֹותֵיהֶם (ve-toʿavoteihem) – Root: תעב; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their detestable things”; Notes: Synonymous parallel with abominations.
- לִבָּם (libbam) – Root: לבב; Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their heart”; Notes: Denotes inner disposition directed toward idolatry.
- הֹלֵךְ (holekh) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “goes”; Notes: Describes habitual action or orientation of heart.
- דַּרְכָּם (darkam) – Root: דרך; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their way”; Notes: Refers to their chosen lifestyle or conduct.
- בְּרֹאשָׁם (be-rosham) – Root: ראשׁ; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon their head”; Notes: Idiom for responsibility or retribution.
- נָתַתִּי (natatti) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have given”; Notes: YHWH’s act of assigning judgment.
- נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “utterance/declares”; Notes: Prophetic formula indicating divine speech.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonai) – Root: אדן; Form: Noun; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Title of sovereignty, paired with YHWH.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.