וַיִּשְׂא֤וּ הַכְּרוּבִים֙ אֶת־כַּנְפֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָאֹֽופַנִּ֖ים לְעֻמָּתָ֑ם וּכְבֹ֧וד אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃
And the keruvim lifted up their wings, and the wheels were beside them, and the glory of the God of Yisraʾel was above them from above.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׂאוּ (va-yisʾu) – Root: נשא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they lifted up”; Notes: Narrative action of raising or carrying.
- הַכְּרוּבִים (ha-keruvim) – Root: כרב (possibly Akkadian loan); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the cheruvim”; Notes: Heavenly beings associated with the divine throne.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the following noun as the object.
- כַּנְפֵיהֶם (kanfeihem) – Root: כנף; Form: Noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their wings”; Notes: The lifted wings of the cheruvim.
- וְהָאֹופַנִּים (ve-ha-ʾofannim) – Root: אופן; Form: Conjunction + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “and the wheels”; Notes: The wheels associated with the divine chariot.
- לְעֻמָּתָם (le-ʿummatam) – Root: עמת; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “beside them”; Notes: Indicates proximity.
- וּכְבֹוד (u-khevod) – Root: כבד; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “and the glory of”; Notes: Refers to the visible manifestation of YHWH’s presence.
- אֱלֹהֵי (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Construct with Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant nation.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “above them”; Notes: Describes location of the divine glory.
- מִלְמָעְלָה (milmaʿlah) – Root: מעל; Form: Adverb; Translation: “from above”; Notes: Reinforces the exalted position of the divine glory.