וּבְשׁ֨וּב צַדִּ֤יק מִצִּדְקָתֹו֙ וְעָ֣שָׂה עָ֔וֶל כְּכֹ֨ל הַתֹּועֵבֹ֜ות אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֧ה הָרָשָׁ֛ע יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה וָחָ֑י כָּל־צִדְקֹתָיו אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֙ה לֹ֣א תִזָּכַ֔רְנָה בְּמַעֲלֹ֧ו אֲשֶׁר־מָעַ֛ל וּבְחַטָּאתֹ֥ו אֲשֶׁר־חָטָ֖א בָּ֥ם יָמֽוּת׃
And when a righteous man turns away from his righteousness and does injustice, according to all the abominations that the wicked has done he does, and shall he live? None of his righteousnesses that he has done shall be remembered; in his treachery that he has committed and in his sin that he has sinned, in them he shall die.
Morphology
- וּבְשׁוּב (u-ve-shuv) – Root: שׁוב; Form: Conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “and when turning back”; Notes: Marks condition of reversal from righteousness.
- צַדִּיק (tsaddiq) – Root: צדק; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “a righteous man”; Notes: Refers to one previously upright.
- מִצִּדְקָתוֹ (mi-tsidqato) – Root: צדק; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his righteousness”; Notes: His prior just conduct.
- וְעָשָׂה (ve-ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he does”; Notes: Marks active choice to act wrongly.
- עָוֶל (ʿavel) – Root: עול; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “injustice”; Notes: General term for wrongdoing.
- כְּכֹל (ke-kol) – Root: כל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “according to all”; Notes: Introduces comparison with wicked behavior.
- הַתֹּועֵבֹות (ha-toʿevot) – Root: תעב; Form: Noun feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the abominations”; Notes: Refers to detestable acts in the covenantal context.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Connects to wicked deeds.
- עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has done”; Notes: Refers to the wicked man’s abominations.
- הָרָשָׁע (ha-rashaʿ) – Root: רשע; Form: Adjective masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the wicked”; Notes: Model of evil conduct.
- יַעֲשֶׂה (yaʿaseh) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he does”; Notes: Repetition highlights his choice to act like the wicked.
- וָחָי (va-ḥay) – Root: חי; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he shall live”; Notes: Introduces ironic contrast with expectation.
- כָּל־צִדְקֹתָיו (kol-tsidqotav) – Root: צדק; Form: Noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “all his righteousnesses”; Notes: Refers to cumulative righteous deeds.
- אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה (ʾasher-ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that he has done”; Notes: Specifies the deeds in question.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not.”
- תִזָּכַרְנָה (tizzakarna) – Root: זכר; Form: Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “shall be remembered”; Notes: Passive, referring to his righteous deeds being forgotten.
- בְּמַעֲלֹו (be-maʿalo) – Root: מעל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his treachery”; Notes: Refers to covenantal unfaithfulness.
- אֲשֶׁר־מָעַל (ʾasher-maʿal) – Root: מעל; Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that he has committed treachery”; Notes: Explains the cause of judgment.
- וּבְחַטָּאתֹו (u-ve-ḥattato) – Root: חטא; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and in his sin”; Notes: Parallel to treachery, emphasizing guilt.
- אֲשֶׁר־חָטָא (ʾasher-ḥata) – Root: חטא; Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that he has sinned”; Notes: Explains the object of judgment.
- בָּם (bam) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in them”; Notes: Refers back to treachery and sin.
- יָמוּת (yamut) – Root: מות; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Final result of his sin and betrayal.