כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁפַּ֨טְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֲבֹ֣ותֵיכֶ֔ם בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם כֵּ֚ן אִשָּׁפֵ֣ט אִתְּכֶ֔ם נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃
According as I entered into judgment with your fathers in the wilderness of the land of Mitsrayim, so will I enter into judgment with you,” declares the Lord YHWH.
Morphology
- כַּאֲשֶׁר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “according as”; Notes: Introduces a comparative clause linking past and future judgment.
- נִשְׁפַּטְתִּי (nishpaṭti) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Niphal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I entered into judgment”; Notes: Niphal emphasizes YHWH’s personal judicial engagement.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [no direct translation]; Notes: Marks the following noun phrase as the object.
- אֲבֹותֵיכֶם (ʾavotekhem) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your fathers”; Notes: Refers to the ancestors of Yisraʾel who came out of Mitsrayim.
- בְּמִדְבַּר (be-midbar) – Root: דבר (davar, nominal sense “wilderness”); Form: Preposition ב + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Specifies the location of the judgment.
- אֶרֶץ (ʾerets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “land”; Notes: Governs the following proper noun as genitive.
- מִצְרָיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: The geographical designation for Egypt.
- כֵּן (ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Establishes the analogy between past and future judgment.
- אִשָּׁפֵט (ʾishshafet) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Niphal imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will enter into judgment”; Notes: Future aspect, stressing YHWH’s continued judicial action.
- אִתְּכֶם (ittekhem) – Root: את (ʾet, “with”); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Direct address to the present generation of Yisraʾel.
- נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “utterance/declaration”; Notes: Technical term introducing divine speech or oracle.
- אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) – Root: אדון (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural with 1st person singular possessive sense (“my Lord”); Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Reverential title for YHWH.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, covenant name of Israel’s God.