Hosea 2:24 (Hosea 2:22)

וְהָאָ֣רֶץ תַּעֲנֶ֔ה אֶת־הַדָּגָ֖ן וְאֶת־הַתִּירֹ֣ושׁ וְאֶת־הַיִּצְהָ֑ר וְהֵ֖ם יַעֲנ֥וּ אֶֽת־יִזְרְעֶֽאל׃

And the earth shall answer the grain and the new wine and the oil, and they shall answer Yizreʿel.

Morphology

1. וְהָאָרֶץ (ve-haʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the earth”; Notes: The earth participates in the cosmic chain of response to divine restoration, symbolizing fertility and renewal.
2. תַּעֲנֶה (taʿaneh) – Root: ענה (ʿ-n-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3fs; Translation: “shall answer”; Notes: The feminine verb agrees with “earth,” portraying personified creation responding to heaven’s blessing.
3. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the objects receiving the earth’s response — the produce of the land.
4. הַדָּגָן (ha-dagan) – Root: דגן (d-g-n); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the grain”; Notes: Represents the basic agricultural blessing of sustenance.
5. וְאֶת־ (ve-ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + direct object marker; Translation: “and (the)”; Notes: Links successive objects within the series of agricultural blessings.
6. הַתִּירֹושׁ (ha-tirosh) – Root: תירושׁ (t-y-r-š); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the new wine”; Notes: Symbol of joy and divine favor, frequently paired with grain and oil in covenant blessing formulas.
7. וְאֶת־ (ve-ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + direct object marker; Translation: “and (the)”; Notes: Introduces the final element in the triad of agricultural produce.
8. הַיִּצְהָר (ha-yitshar) – Root: יצהר (y-ṣ-h-r); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the oil”; Notes: A key covenant term referring to olive oil, representing abundance, anointing, and divine blessing.
9. וְהֵם (ve-hem) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + independent pronoun 3mp; Translation: “and they”; Notes: Refers collectively to the grain, wine, and oil, forming the next link in the divine response chain.
10. יַעֲנוּ (yaʿanu) – Root: ענה (ʿ-n-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “shall answer”; Notes: Depicts reciprocal harmony in nature — all creation echoing divine restoration.
11. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the final recipient of the response chain — Yizreʿel.
12. יִזְרְעֶאל (Yizreʿel) – Root: זרע (z-r-ʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yizreʿel”; Notes: Wordplay on “God sows.” Once a name of judgment (Hosea 1:4), now transformed into a symbol of renewal and divine sowing of blessing in the land.