וּבַגֹּויִ֤ם הָהֵם֙ לֹ֣א תַרְגִּ֔יעַ וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָנֹ֖וחַ לְכַף־רַגְלֶ֑ךָ וְנָתַן֩ יְהוָ֨ה לְךָ֥ שָׁם֙ לֵ֣ב רַגָּ֔ז וְכִלְיֹ֥ון עֵינַ֖יִם וְדַֽאֲבֹ֥ון נָֽפֶשׁ׃
And among those nations you will find no rest, and there will be no resting place for the sole of your foot; and YHWH will give you there a trembling heart, failing eyes, and a despairing soul.
Morphology
- וּבַגֹּויִ֤ם (uvagoyim) – Root: גוי (g-v-y); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “and among the nations”; Notes: Indicates dispersion among foreign nations.
- הָהֵם֙ (hahem) – Root: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Masculine plural; Translation: “those”; Notes: Specifies the nations being referenced.
- לֹ֣א תַרְגִּ֔יעַ (lo targia) – Root: רגע (r-g-ʿ); Form: Negative particle + Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you will not find rest”; Notes: The Hiphil form indicates causation, emphasizing the inability to cause rest.
- וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה (velo-yiheyeh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and there will not be”; Notes: Continues the negation from the previous clause.
- מָנֹ֖וחַ (manoach) – Root: נוח (n-w-ḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “resting place”; Notes: Refers to a physical or metaphorical place of rest.
- לְכַף־רַגְלֶ֑ךָ (lekaf-raglekha) – Root: כף (k-p) + רגל (r-g-l); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct + noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for the sole of your foot”; Notes: Emphasizes the total lack of comfort.
- וְנָתַן֩ (venatan) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He will give”; Notes: Indicates divine action.
- יְהוָ֨ה (YHWH) – Root: The Tetragrammaton; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The sacred name of the God of Yisra’el.
- לְךָ֥ (lekha) – Root: Preposition + pronoun; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the action.
- שָׁם֙ (sham) – Root: Adverb; Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Specifies the location of the events described.
- לֵ֣ב רַגָּ֔ז (lev ragaz) – Root: לב (l-v) + רגז (r-g-z); Form: Noun masculine singular + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “a trembling heart”; Notes: Describes emotional turmoil and fear.
- וְכִלְיֹ֥ון (vekhilyon) – Root: כלה (k-l-h); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “failing”; Notes: Refers to a weakening or wasting away.
- עֵינַ֖יִם (einayim) – Root: עין (ʿ-y-n); Form: Noun feminine dual; Translation: “eyes”; Notes: Indicates both physical and metaphorical sight.
- וְדַֽאֲבֹ֥ון (veda’avon) – Root: דאב (d-ʾ-v); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “despair”; Notes: Reflects deep emotional suffering.
- נָֽפֶשׁ (nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “soul”; Notes: Represents the inner being or life force.