לֹא־תִגַּ֨ע בֹּ֜ו יָ֗ד כִּֽי־סָקֹ֤ול יִסָּקֵל֙ אֹו־יָרֹ֣ה יִיָּרֶ֔ה אִם־בְּהֵמָ֥ה אִם־אִ֖ישׁ לֹ֣א יִחְיֶ֑ה בִּמְשֹׁךְ֙ הַיֹּבֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה יַעֲל֥וּ בָהָֽר׃
No hand shall touch it, for it shall surely be stoned or shot; whether beast or man, it shall not live.’ When the ram’s horn sounds a long blast, they may go up on the mountain.”
Morphology
- לֹא־תִגַּ֨ע (lo-tigaʿ) – Root: נגע (n-g-ʿ); Form: Negative particle + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3fs; Translation: “No hand shall touch”; Notes: Prohibits contact with the mountain.
- בֹּ֜ו (bo) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “It”; Notes: Refers to the mountain.
- יָ֗ד (yad) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Hand”; Notes: Indicates physical touch.
- כִּֽי־סָקֹ֤ול (ki-sakol) – Root: סקול (s-k-l); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Infinitive absolute; Translation: “For surely stoned”; Notes: Emphasizes the certainty of the punishment.
- יִסָּקֵל֙ (yissakel) – Root: סקול (s-k-l); Form: Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall be stoned”; Notes: Indicates the punishment for violating the boundary.
- אֹו־יָרֹ֣ה (o-yareh) – Root: ירה (y-r-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Infinitive absolute; Translation: “Or shot”; Notes: Provides an alternate means of execution.
- יִיָּרֶ֔ה (yiyareh) – Root: ירה (y-r-h); Form: Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall be shot”; Notes: Specifies the method of punishment.
- אִם־בְּהֵמָ֥ה (im-behemah) – Root: בהמה (b-h-m); Form: Conjunction + Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Whether beast”; Notes: Includes animals in the prohibition.
- אִם־אִ֖ישׁ (im-ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Or man”; Notes: Includes people in the prohibition.
- לֹ֣א יִחְיֶ֑ה (lo-yihyeh) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Negative particle + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall not live”; Notes: Declares the consequence for violating the command.
- בִּמְשֹׁךְ֙ (bimshokh) – Root: משך (m-sh-k); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct; Translation: “When it is drawn”; Notes: Refers to the sounding of the horn.
- הַיֹּבֵ֔ל (hayovel) – Root: יובל (y-v-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The ram’s horn”; Notes: Specifies the instrument used to signal.
- הֵ֖מָּה (hemmah) – Root: N/A; Form: Pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “They”; Notes: Refers to the people.
- יַעֲל֥וּ (yaʿalu) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “May go up”; Notes: Indicates the permitted action after the signal.
- בָהָֽר׃ (bahar) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “On the mountain”; Notes: Refers to the designated location.