לָכֵ֣ן אָהֳלִיבָ֗ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מֵעִ֤יר אֶת־מְאַהֲבַ֨יִךְ֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶ֑ם וַהֲבֵאתִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃
“Therefore, Oholiva, thus says the Lord YHWH: ‘Behold, I am stirring up your lovers against you, those whom your soul was loathing from them, and I will bring them against you from all around.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (lakhen) – Root: —; Form: Adverb/conjunction; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces a consequence or judgment.
- אָהֳלִיבָה (Oholivah) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Oholivah”; Notes: Symbolic name for Jerusalem.
- כֹּה־אָמַר (koh-amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Adverb + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “thus says”; Notes: Standard prophetic formula introducing divine speech.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾAdonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural of majesty; Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Reverential title for God, here combined with YHWH.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name, covenantal title of Israel’s God.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: —; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “behold, I”; Notes: Signals imminent divine action.
- מֵעִיר (meʿir) – Root: עור (ʿur); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular with prefixed מִן; Translation: “stirring up”; Notes: Causative, YHWH rouses hostile forces.
- אֶת־מְאַהֲבַיִךְ (ʾet-meʾahavayikh) – Root: אהב (ʾahav); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your lovers”; Notes: Figuratively, foreign political/military allies.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Indicates direction of hostility.
- אֵת (ʾet) – Form: Particle marking object; Translation: —; Notes: Highlights the following relative clause.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces relative clause modifying “lovers.”
- נָקְעָה (noqʿah) – Root: קוע (qaʿaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “was loathing”; Notes: Refers to strong inner disgust or rejection.
- נַפְשֵׁךְ (nafshekh) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your soul”; Notes: Denotes the inner being, representing aversion.
- מֵהֶם (mehem) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from them”; Notes: Indicates source of loathing.
- וַהֲבֵאתִים (va-haveʾtim) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and I will bring them”; Notes: YHWH’s direct intervention to summon adversaries.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis of coming assault.
- מִסָּבִיב (missaviv) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Adverbial noun with prefixed מִן; Translation: “from all around”; Notes: Stresses total encirclement by enemies.