Ezekiel 33:5

אֵת֩ קֹ֨ול הַשֹּׁופָ֤ר שָׁמַע֙ וְלֹ֣א נִזְהָ֔ר דָּמֹ֖ו בֹּ֣ו יִֽהְיֶ֑ה וְה֥וּא נִזְהָ֖ר נַפְשֹׁ֥ו מִלֵּֽט׃

The sound of the shofar he heard, but he did not take warning; his blood shall be upon himself. But he who takes warning has delivered his soul.

Morphology

1. אֵת (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the object “the sound of the shofar.”
2. קֹול (qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “sound of”; Notes: Denotes the audible warning signal from the shofar.
3. הַשֹּׁופָר (ha-shofar) – Root: שׁופר (shofar); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the shofar”; Notes: The ram’s horn used to warn of coming judgment or danger.
4. שָׁמַע (shamaʿ) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he heard”; Notes: Indicates awareness of the warning but without response.
5. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and did not”; Notes: Links the hearing of the sound with the failure to act.
6. נִזְהָר (nizhar) – Root: זהר (zahar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “take warning / be cautious”; Notes: Reflexive form implying moral responsibility to respond to the warning.
7. דָּמֹו (damo) – Root: דם (dam); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his blood”; Notes: Symbol of culpability or accountability for one’s own death.
8. בֹּו (bo) – Root: ב (bet); Form: Preposition בְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “upon him / in him”; Notes: Idiomatically means the guilt rests on the individual himself.
9. יִהְיֶה (yihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it shall be”; Notes: Expresses the certainty of consequence—his guilt remains upon him.
10. וְהוּא (ve-hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Conjunction וְ + independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “but he”; Notes: Marks contrast with the previous clause.
11. נִזְהָר (nizhar) – Root: זהר (zahar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “takes warning”; Notes: The reflexive sense indicates moral alertness and repentance.
12. נַפְשֹׁו (nafsho) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his soul”; Notes: Represents the person’s life, preserved through obedience.
13. מִלֵּט (milleṭ) – Root: מלט (malat); Form: Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “to deliver / to rescue”; Notes: Expresses successful escape or salvation from impending danger.