Ezekiel 33:9

וְ֠אַתָּה כִּֽי־הִזְהַ֨רְתָּ רָשָׁ֤ע מִדַּרְכֹּו֙ לָשׁ֣וּב מִמֶּ֔נָּה וְלֹא־שָׁ֖ב מִדַּרְכֹּ֑ו ה֚וּא בַּעֲוֹנֹ֣ו יָמ֔וּת וְאַתָּ֖ה נַפְשְׁךָ֥ הִצַּֽלְתָּ׃ ס

But if you warn the wicked to turn from his way, and he does not turn from his way, he shall die in his iniquity; but you have delivered your life.

Morphology

1. וְאַתָּה (ve-atah) – Root: אתה (atah); Form: Conjunction וְ + independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “and you / but you”; Notes: Marks contrast—Ezekiel’s personal accountability distinct from the wicked man’s fate.
2. כִּי־ (ki) – Root: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when / if”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause dependent on Ezekiel’s warning.
3. הִזְהַרְתָּ (hizharta) – Root: זהר (zahar); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you have warned”; Notes: Causative—Ezekiel causes the wicked to receive warning; emphasizes his prophetic duty.
4. רָשָׁע (rashaʿ) – Root: רשע (rashaʿ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “the wicked”; Notes: The subject of the warning—one under moral condemnation.
5. מִדַּרְכֹּו (mi-darko) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “from his way”; Notes: Refers to his course of life or behavior pattern.
6. לָשׁוּב (lashuv) – Root: שׁוב (shuv); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to turn / to repent”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the warning—to induce repentance.
7. מִמֶּנָּה (mimmenah) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition מִן + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “from it”; Notes: Refers back to “his way,” personified as something to be turned away from.
8. וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces a negative consequence clause.
9. שָׁב (shav) – Root: שׁוב (shuv); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he turned / repented”; Notes: Indicates refusal to change one’s conduct despite the warning.
10. מִדַּרְכֹּו (mi-darko) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “from his way”; Notes: Repetition reinforces the moral obstinacy of the wicked person.
11. הוּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Emphatic subject identifying the wicked man as solely responsible for his death.
12. בַּעֲוֹנֹו (baʿavono) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “in his iniquity”; Notes: His death is attributed to his own moral guilt.
13. יָמוּת (yamuth) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Predictive; expresses the consequence decreed by divine justice.
14. וְאַתָּה (ve-atah) – Root: אתה (atah); Form: Conjunction וְ + pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “but you”; Notes: Contrasts the prophet’s situation with that of the wicked man.
15. נַפְשְׁךָ (nafshekha) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “your life / your soul”; Notes: Represents personal accountability and survival.
16. הִצַּלְתָּ (hitzalta) – Root: נצל (natsal); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you have delivered / you have saved”; Notes: Causative; signifies that Ezekiel has fulfilled his duty and preserved his life by warning the sinner.