וּפְאַת֙ נֶ֣גֶב תֵּימָ֔נָה מִתָּמָ֗ר עַד־מֵי֙ מְרִיבֹ֣ות קָדֵ֔שׁ נַחֲלָ֖ה אֶל־הַיָּ֣ם הַגָּדֹ֑ול וְאֵ֥ת פְּאַת־תֵּימָ֖נָה נֶֽגְבָּה׃
And the south side southward, from Tamar even to the waters of Merivot Qadesh, to the brook toward the Great Sea; and this is the south side southward.
Morphology
- וּפְאַת (u-feʾat) – Root: פֵאָה (peʾah); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “and the side of”; Notes: Introduces a new direction in the land’s boundary—here, the southern border.
- נֶגֶב (negev) – Root: נֶגֶב (negev); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “south” or “Negev”; Notes: Refers to the southern desert region of Yisraʾel.
- תֵּימָנָה (teimanah) – Root: יָמִין (yamin); Form: Adverb of direction; Translation: “southward”; Notes: Literally “toward the right hand,” used as a synonym for southward.
- מִתָּמָר (mi-Tamar) – Root: תָּמָר (Tamar); Form: Preposition מִן + proper noun; Translation: “from Tamar”; Notes: Refers to a location in the south, near the Dead Sea region.
- עַד־מֵי (ʿad-mei) – Root: עַד (ʿad), מַיִם (mayim); Form: Preposition עַד + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “to the waters of”; Notes: Marks the extent of the southern border.
- מְרִיבֹות (merivot) – Root: רִיב (riv); Form: Noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “Merivot” or “contentions”; Notes: Refers to “Merivot-Qadesh,” the waters where Yisraʾel contended with YHWH (Numbers 20:13).
- קָדֵשׁ (Qadesh) – Root: קָדֵשׁ (qadesh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Qadesh”; Notes: A site on the southern border, associated with the wilderness wanderings.
- נַחֲלָה (naḥalah) – Root: נָחַל (naḥal); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “brook” or “stream”; Notes: Refers to a flowing valley or wadi that extends toward the sea.
- אֶל־הַיָּם (el-ha-yam) – Root: יָם (yam); Form: Preposition אֶל + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “toward the sea”; Notes: Marks the direction of the brook’s outflow.
- הַגָּדֹול (ha-gadol) – Root: גָּדַל (gadal); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the Great”; Notes: Refers to the Mediterranean Sea, called “the Great Sea.”
- וְאֵת (ve-et) – Root: אֵת (ʾet); Form: Conjunction וְ + direct object marker; Translation: “and [this is]”; Notes: Introduces the summary of the described southern border.
- פְּאַת־תֵּימָנָה (peʾat-teimanah) – Root: פֵאָה (peʾah), יָמִין (yamin); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + adverb; Translation: “the side southward”; Notes: Indicates the southernmost section of the boundary.
- נֶגְבָּה (negbah) – Root: נֶגֶב (negev); Form: Adverb of direction; Translation: “southward”; Notes: Concludes the description emphasizing the direction of the southern boundary.