ויקח חמאה וחלב ובן הבקר אשר עשה ויתן לפניהם והוא עמד עליהם תחת העץ ויאכלו׃
Gen 18:8 [Samaritan]
ויקח חמאה וחלב ואת בן הבקר אשר עשה ויתן לפניהם והוא עמד עליהם תחת העץ ויאכלו׃
Gen 18:8 [Masoretic]
וַיִּקַּח חֶמְאָה וְחָלָב וּבֶן־הַבָּקָר אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וַיִּתֵּן לִפְנֵיהֶם וְהֽוּא־עֹמֵד עֲלֵיהֶם תַּחַת הָעֵץ וַיֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃
Gen 18:8 [Targum Onkelos]
וּנְסֵיב שְׁמַן וַחֲלָב וּבַר תּוֹרֵי דְּעָבַד וִיהַב קָדָמֵיהוֹן וְהוּא מְשַׁמֵּשׁ עִילַוֵּיהוֹן תְּחוֹת אִילָנָא וְאָכַלוּ׃
Gen 18:8 [Peshitta]
ܘܢܣܼܒ ܚܐܘܬܐ ܘܚܠܒܐ ܘܥܓܠܐ ܕܥܒܼܕ ܘܣܡ ܩܕܡܝܗܘܢ܂ ܘܗܼܘ ܩܐܡ ܗܘܐ ܠܥܠ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܬܚܝܬ ܐܝܠܢܐ ܘܐܟܠܘ܂
וַיִּקַּ֨ח חֶמְאָ֜ה וְחָלָ֗ב וּבֶן־הַבָּקָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וַיִּתֵּ֖ן לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם וְהֽוּא־עֹמֵ֧ד עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם תַּ֥חַת הָעֵ֖ץ וַיֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃
And he took butter, milk, and the calf which he had prepared, and set it before them. And he stood by them under the tree, and they ate.
Morphology
- וַיִּקַּ֨ח (vayyiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Refers to Avraham taking the food items.
- חֶמְאָ֜ה (ḥem’ah) – Root: חמאה (ḥem’ah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “butter”; Notes: A dairy product offered to the guests.
- וְחָלָ֗ב (veḥalav) – Root: חלב (ḥalav); Form: Conjunction with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and milk”; Notes: Another dairy product served by Avraham.
- וּבֶן־הַבָּקָר֙ (uven-habbaqar) – Root: בקר (baqar); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “and the calf”; Notes: Indicates the calf prepared for the meal.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Connects the clause to the calf being prepared.
- עָשָׂ֔ה (‘asah) – Root: עשה (‘asah); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “he had prepared”; Notes: Refers to Avraham’s actions of preparing the meal.
- וַיִּתֵּ֖ן (vayitten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he set”; Notes: Indicates Avraham setting the food before the visitors.
- לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם (lifnehem) – Root: פני (pnei); Form: Preposition with plural pronominal suffix; Translation: “before them”; Notes: Refers to the guests.
- וְהֽוּא־עֹמֵ֧ד (vehu-‘omed) – Root: עמד (‘amad); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular; Translation: “and he stood”; Notes: Indicates Avraham standing attentively.
- עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם (‘alehem) – Root: על (‘al); Form: Preposition with 3mp suffix; Translation: “by them”; Notes: Refers to Avraham’s position near the visitors.
- תַּ֥חַת (taḥat) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Specifies the location under the tree.
- הָעֵ֖ץ (ha‘ets) – Root: עץ (‘ets); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the tree”; Notes: Indicates the tree providing shade.
- וַיֹּאכֵֽלוּ (vayyo’khelu) – Root: אכל (‘akhal); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “and they ate”; Notes: Refers to the guests partaking in the meal.