בַּיָּמִ֤ים הָהֵם֙ וּבָעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔יא אַצְמִ֥יחַ לְדָוִ֖ד צֶ֣מַח צְדָקָ֑ה וְעָשָׂ֛ה מִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה בָּאָֽרֶץ׃
In those days and at that time, I will cause to sprout for Dawid a shoot of righteousness, and he shall do justice and righteousness in the land.
Morphology
- בַּיָּמִ֤ים (ba-yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite plural masculine noun; Translation: “in the days”; Notes: Refers to a specific future period marked by divine intervention.
- הָהֵם֙ (ha-hem) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “those”; Notes: Refers back to the prophesied future era.
- וּבָעֵ֣ת (u-va-ʿet) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and at the time”; Notes: Further specification of the eschatological setting.
- הַהִ֔יא (ha-hi) – Root: הוא (hi); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “that”; Notes: Refers to the divinely appointed moment in the future.
- אַצְמִ֥יחַ (ʾatsmiaḥ) – Root: צמח (tsamaḥ); Form: Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will cause to sprout”; Notes: Causative form indicating divine action of growth or emergence.
- לְדָוִ֖ד (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “for Dawid”; Notes: Refers to the Davidic dynasty or its messianic descendant.
- צֶ֣מַח (tsemaḥ) – Root: צמח (tsamaḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “shoot” or “branch”; Notes: Symbolic of a royal descendant or messianic figure.
- צְדָקָ֑ה (tsedaqah) – Root: צדק (tsadaq); Form: Noun feminine singular in apposition; Translation: “righteousness”; Notes: Describes the moral character of the *tsemaḥ*.
- וְעָשָׂ֛ה (ve-ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he shall do”; Notes: Refers to the messianic figure’s actions.
- מִשְׁפָּ֥ט (mishpat) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Legal and moral order.
- וּצְדָקָ֖ה (u-tsedaqah) – Root: צדק (tsadaq); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and righteousness”; Notes: Often paired with *mishpat*, indicating a reign of integrity.
- בָּאָֽרֶץ (ba-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel, the realm of restored justice.