וְעַל־יְהֹויָקִ֤ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ תֹּאמַ֔ר כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה אַ֠תָּה שָׂרַ֜פְתָּ אֶת־הַמְּגִלָּ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַדּוּעַ֩ כָּתַ֨בְתָּ עָלֶ֜יהָ לֵאמֹ֗ר בֹּֽא־יָבֹ֤וא מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ וְהִשְׁחִית֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהִשְׁבִּ֥ית מִמֶּ֖נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּבְהֵמָֽה׃ ס
And concerning Yehoyaqim king of Yehuda you shall say, ‘Thus says YHWH: “You have burned this scroll, saying, ‘Why have you written on it, saying, The king of Bavel will surely come and will destroy this land and will cause to cease from it man and beast?'”
Morphology
- וְעַל־יְהֹויָקִים (veʿal-Yehoyaqim) – Root: על / יהויקים; Form: prefixed conjunction וְ + preposition עַל + proper noun; Translation: “and concerning Yehoyaqim”; Notes: The phrase marks the beginning of YHWH’s address toward Yehoyaqim.
- מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה (melekh-Yehudah) – Root: מלך / יהודה; Form: noun in construct chain; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Construct state expresses possession.
- תֹּאמַ֔ר (toʾmar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall say”; Notes: Future/command aspect in prophetic narrative.
- כֹּ֖ה (koh) – Root: כה; Form: adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Formulaic introduction to divine speech.
- אָמַ֣ר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Introduces speech of YHWH.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Tetragrammaton, covenantal name of Israel’s God.
- אַ֠תָּה (ʾattah) – Root: אתה; Form: independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct address to Yehoyaqim.
- שָׂרַ֜פְתָּ (saraphta) – Root: שרף; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you burned”; Notes: Past action linked to accusation.
- אֶת־הַמְּגִלָּ֤ה (ʾet-hamməgillah) – Root: מגל; Form: definite direct object with accusative marker אֶת + noun; Translation: “this scroll”; Notes: Direct object of the verb “you burned.”
- הַזֹּאת֙ (hazzot) – Root: זה; Form: demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “scroll.”
- לֵאמֹ֔ר (leʾmor) – Root: אמר; Form: infinitive construct with לְ prefix; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces quoted speech.
- מַדּוּעַ֩ (madduaʿ) – Root: ידע; Form: interrogative adverb; Translation: “why”; Notes: Used in rhetorical or accusatory questions.
- כָּתַ֨בְתָּ (katavta) – Root: כתב; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “have you written”; Notes: Part of Yehoyaqim’s rhetorical objection.
- עָלֶ֜יהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על; Form: preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix; Translation: “on it”; Notes: Refers to the scroll.
- לֵאמֹ֗ר (leʾmor) – Root: אמר; Form: infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- בֹּֽא־יָבֹ֤וא (bo-yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “surely come”; Notes: Infinitive absolute intensifies the imperfect verb.
- מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ (melekh-Bavel) – Root: מלך / בבל; Form: construct chain; Translation: “king of Bavel”; Notes: Title of Babylonian ruler.
- וְהִשְׁחִית֙ (vehišḥit) – Root: שחת; Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with vav; Translation: “and he will destroy”; Notes: Causative form of verb for devastation.
- אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ (ʾet-haʾarets) – Root: ארץ; Form: definite accusative noun with אֶת; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Object of destruction.
- הַזֹּ֔את (hazzot) – Root: זה; Form: demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “land.”
- וְהִשְׁבִּ֥ית (vehišbit) – Root: שבת; Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with vav; Translation: “and will cause to cease”; Notes: Related to cessation or removal.
- מִמֶּ֖נָּה (mimmenah) – Root: מן; Form: preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix; Translation: “from it”; Notes: Refers to the land.
- אָדָ֥ם (adam) – Root: אדם; Form: noun masculine singular; Translation: “man”; Notes: Part of double object with “beast.”
- וּבְהֵמָֽה (uvhemah) – Root: בהם; Form: noun feminine singular with conjunctive vav; Translation: “and beast”; Notes: Paired with “man” as total destruction.