לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עַל־יְהֹֽויָקִים֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה לֹא־יִֽהְיֶה־לֹּ֥ו יֹושֵׁ֖ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֣א דָוִ֑ד וְנִבְלָתֹו֙ תִּֽהְיֶ֣ה מֻשְׁלֶ֔כֶת לַחֹ֥רֶב בַּיֹּ֖ום וְלַקֶּ֥רַח בַּלָּֽיְלָה׃
Therefore thus said YHWH concerning Yehoyaqim king of Yehuda: “There shall not be to him one sitting on the throne of Dawid, and his corpse shall be thrown out to the heat by day and to the frost by night.
Morphology
- לָכֵ֞ן (lāḵēn) – Root: כֵּן; Form: adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Often introduces divine judgment or consequence.
- כֹּֽה־ (kōh) – Root: כֹּה; Form: adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Used to introduce direct divine speech.
- אָמַ֣ר (ʾāmar) – Root: אָמַר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Introduces a prophetic declaration.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Tetragrammaton, divine name.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: עַל; Form: preposition; Translation: “concerning/upon”; Notes: Indicates the object of YHWH’s declaration.
- יְהֹוֹיָקִים (Yəhōyāqîm) – Root: יהויקים; Form: proper noun; Translation: “Yehoyaqim”; Notes: King of Yehudah.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ (meleḵ) – Root: מֶלֶךְ; Form: masculine singular absolute; Translation: “king”; Notes: Apposition to Yehoyaqim.
- יְהוּדָ֔ה (Yəhūdāh) – Root: יהודה; Form: proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: The southern kingdom.
- לֹא־ (lōʾ) – Root: לא; Form: negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יִֽהְיֶה (yihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “there shall be”; Notes: Expresses future non-existence.
- ־לֹּו (lô) – Root: ל + הוּא; Form: preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Possessive relationship.
- יֹושֵׁ֖ב (yôshēḇ) – Root: יָשַׁב; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “one sitting”; Notes: Nominal participle expressing occupation or office.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: עַל; Form: preposition; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Indicates spatial relation to throne.
- כִּסֵּ֣א (kisseʾ) – Root: כִּסֵּא; Form: masculine singular absolute; Translation: “throne”; Notes: Royal authority or office.
- דָוִ֑ד (Dāwîḏ) – Root: דָוִד; Form: proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Davidic dynasty.
- וְנִבְלָתֹו֙ (vənivlātô) – Root: נָבֵל; Form: feminine singular construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “and his corpse”; Notes: “וְ” as conjunction, indicates possession.
- תִּֽהְיֶ֣ה (tihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Verb matches feminine subject נִבְלָה.
- מֻשְׁלֶ֔כֶת (mushlekhet) – Root: שָׁלַךְ; Form: Pual participle feminine singular; Translation: “cast/thrown”; Notes: Passive participle emphasizing disgrace.
- לַחֹ֥רֶב (laḥōrev) – Root: חֹרֶב; Form: masculine singular; Translation: “to the heat”; Notes: Prefixed preposition ל + definite article (assimilated).
- בַּיֹּ֖ום (bayyôm) – Root: יֹום; Form: masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “by day”; Notes: Temporal marker.
- וְלַקֶּ֥רַח (velaqqéraḥ) – Root: קֶרַח; Form: masculine singular; Translation: “and to the frost”; Notes: Preposition + article ל + ה assimilated.
- בַּלָּֽיְלָה (ballāylāh) – Root: לַיְלָה; Form: masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “by night”; Notes: Time indicator paired with “day”.