וַיִּקְח֣וּ בְנֵֽי־֠אַהֲרֹן נָדָ֨ב וַאֲבִיה֜וּא אִ֣ישׁ מַחְתָּתֹ֗ו וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ בָהֵן֙ אֵ֔שׁ וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ עָלֶ֖יהָ קְטֹ֑רֶת וַיַּקְרִ֜בוּ לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֵ֣שׁ זָרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹ֦א צִוָּ֖ה אֹתָֽם׃
And the sons of Aharon, Nadav and Avihu, each took his censer and put fire in it, and placed incense on it, and brought before YHWH a strange fire, which He had not commanded them.
Morphology
- וַיִּקְח֣וּ (vayyiqkhu) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “They took”; Notes: Refers to Nadav and Avihu taking their censers.
- בְנֵֽי־אַהֲרֹן (bene-Aharon) – Root: בן (b-n) + אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Noun, mp construct + proper noun, ms; Translation: “The sons of Aharon”; Notes: Refers to Nadav and Avihu.
- נָדָ֨ב (Nadav) – Root: נדב (n-d-v); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Nadav”; Notes: One of Aharon’s sons.
- וַאֲבִיה֜וּא (vaʾAvihu) – Root: אבי (ʾ-b-y) + הוא (h-w); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Avihu”; Notes: Another son of Aharon.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Each man”; Notes: Indicates that each took his own censer.
- מַחְתָּתֹ֗ו (maḥtato) – Root: מחתה (m-ḥ-t-h); Form: Noun, fs + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His censer”; Notes: Refers to the censer used for burning incense.
- וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ (vayittenu) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “They put”; Notes: Describes placing fire in their censers.
- בָהֵן֙ (vahem) – Root: בה (b-h); Form: Preposition + 3fp suffix; Translation: “In them”; Notes: Refers to the censers.
- אֵ֔שׁ (ʾesh) – Root: אש (ʾ-sh); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Fire”; Notes: Indicates the fire placed in the censers.
- וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ (vayyashimu) – Root: שׂים (ś-y-m); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “They placed”; Notes: Refers to placing incense on the fire.
- עָלֶ֖יהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 3fs suffix; Translation: “On it”; Notes: Refers to the fire in the censers.
- קְטֹ֑רֶת (qetoret) – Root: קטר (q-ṭ-r); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Incense”; Notes: The incense offered by Nadav and Avihu.
- וַיַּקְרִ֜בוּ (vayyaqrivu) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Verb, Hifil, imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “They brought”; Notes: Describes presenting the incense before YHWH.
- לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה (lifnei YHWH) – Root: פני (p-n-y) + יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Preposition + noun, mp construct + proper noun; Translation: “Before YHWH”; Notes: Indicates presenting the offering directly to the LORD.
- אֵ֣שׁ זָרָ֔ה (ʾesh zarah) – Root: אש (ʾ-sh) + זר (z-r); Form: Noun, fs + adjective, fs; Translation: “A strange fire”; Notes: Refers to unauthorized fire brought before YHWH.
- אֲשֶׁ֧ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause describing the fire.
- לֹ֦א (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- צִוָּ֖ה (tzivvah) – Root: צוה (ṣ-v-h); Form: Verb, Piel, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He commanded”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s instructions.
- אֹתָֽם (otam) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Direct object marker + 3mp suffix; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Indicates that YHWH did not command Nadav and Avihu to perform this act.