מִבֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָמַ֗עְלָה וְעַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תִּפְקְדֵ֑ם כָּל־הַבָּא֙ לַצָּבָ֔א לַעֲבֹ֕ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת אֹ֥הֶל מֹועֵֽד׃
From thirty years old and above, and up to fifty years old, you shall number them, everyone who enters the service to perform the work of the Tent of Meeting.
Morphology
- מִבֶּן֩ (mi-ben) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Preposition + noun; Translation: “From a son”; Notes: Indicates the starting point of age.
- שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים (sheloshim) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Masculine plural construct; Translation: “Thirty”; Notes: Specifies the age.
- שָׁנָ֜ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Year”; Notes: Defines the unit of age.
- וָמַ֗עְלָה (va-ma’lah) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “And upward”; Notes: Indicates age range.
- וְעַ֛ד (ve-ad) – Root: עד (ʿ-d); Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “And up to”; Notes: Limits the range.
- בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים (ben-chamishim) – Root: בן (b-n) + חמש (ch-m-sh); Form: Construct noun; Translation: “Fifty years old”; Notes: Marks the upper limit of age.
- שָׁנָ֖ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Year”; Notes: Reiterates the unit of age.
- תִּפְקְדֵ֑ם (tifq’dem) – Root: פקד (p-q-d); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall number them”; Notes: Indicates the act of taking a census.
- כָּל־הַבָּא֙ (kol-ha-ba) – Root: בוא (b-w); Form: Construct noun + article + participle; Translation: “Everyone who enters”; Notes: Describes eligibility for service.
- לִצְבֹ֣א (litzvo) – Root: צבא (ts-v-ʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “To the service”; Notes: Refers to military or sacred duty.
- צָבָ֔א (tsava) – Root: צבא (ts-v-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Service”; Notes: Denotes organized work.
- לַעֲבֹ֕ד (laʿavod) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “To work”; Notes: Specifies the action involved.
- אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת (et-ʿavodat) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Marker + noun; Translation: “The work of”; Notes: Introduces the specific task.
- אֹ֥הֶל (ohel) – Root: אהל (ʾ-h-l); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Tent”; Notes: Refers to the sacred space.
- מֹועֵֽד (mo’ed) – Root: יעד (y-ʿ-d); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Meeting”; Notes: Designates the purpose of the tent.