וְאִם־אֵ֨ין לָאִ֜ישׁ גֹּאֵ֗ל לְהָשִׁ֤יב הָאָשָׁם֙ אֵלָ֔יו הָאָשָׁ֛ם הַמּוּשָׁ֥ב לַיהוָ֖ה לַכֹּהֵ֑ן מִלְּבַ֗ד אֵ֚יל הַכִּפֻּרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְכַפֶּר־בֹּ֖ו עָלָֽיו׃
But if the man has no redeemer to whom restitution for the guilt can be made, the restitution that is to be made shall belong to YHWH, for the priest, besides the ram of atonement by which atonement is made for him.
Morphology
- וְאִם־אֵ֨ין (ve-im-ein) – Root: אין (ʾ-y-n); Form: Conjunction + particle; Translation: “But if there is not”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- לָאִ֜ישׁ (la-ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Preposition + masculine singular noun; Translation: “For the man”; Notes: Refers to the guilty individual.
- גֹּאֵ֗ל (goʾel) – Root: גאל (g-ʾ-l); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Redeemer”; Notes: Refers to a kinsman who can claim or restore.
- לְהָשִׁ֤יב (le-hashiv) – Root: שׁוב (sh-w-b); Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “To restore”; Notes: Indicates the action of returning restitution.
- הָאָשָׁם֙ (ha-asham) – Root: אשם (ʾ-sh-m); Form: Definite article + masculine singular noun; Translation: “The guilt”; Notes: Refers to the compensation owed.
- אֵלָ֔יו (elav) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “To him”; Notes: Points to the recipient of the restitution.
- הָאָשָׁ֛ם (ha-asham) – Root: אשם (ʾ-sh-m); Form: Definite article + masculine singular noun; Translation: “The guilt”; Notes: Reiterates the restitution.
- הַמּוּשָׁ֥ב (ha-mushav) – Root: שׁוב (sh-w-b); Form: Hophil participle masculine singular; Translation: “That is to be restored”; Notes: Emphasizes the act of restitution.
- לַיהוָ֖ה (la-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To YHWH”; Notes: Indicates that the restitution ultimately belongs to the LORD.
- לַכֹּהֵ֑ן (la-kohen) – Root: כהן (k-h-n); Form: Preposition + masculine singular noun; Translation: “For the priest”; Notes: Specifies the representative receiving the restitution on behalf of YHWH.
- מִלְּבַ֗ד (mi-levad) – Root: לבד (l-v-d); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Besides”; Notes: Indicates additional requirements.
- אֵ֚יל (ʾeyl) – Root: איל (ʾ-y-l); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Ram”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial offering.
- הַכִּפֻּרִ֔ים (ha-kippurim) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Definite article + masculine plural noun; Translation: “Of atonement”; Notes: Indicates the sacrificial purpose.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “By which”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- יְכַפֶּר־בֹּ֖ו (yechaper-bo) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “He shall atone with it”; Notes: Refers to the act of atonement.
- עָלָֽיו׃ (alav) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “For him”; Notes: Specifies the beneficiary of the atonement.