בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֣שֶׁת בֶּן־שָׁא֗וּל בְּמָלְכֹו֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּשְׁתַּ֥יִם שָׁנִ֖ים מָלָ֑ךְ אַ֚ךְ בֵּ֣ית יְהוּדָ֔ה הָי֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י דָוִֽד׃
ʾIsh-boshet, son of Shaʾul, was forty years old when he began to reign over Yisraʾel, and he reigned two years. But the house of Yehuda followed Dawid.
Morphology
- בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֨ים (ben-ʾarbaʿim) – Root: בן (ben) + ארבע (ʾarbaʿ); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + numeral; Translation: “forty years old”; Notes: Indicates age.
- שָׁנָ֜ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (shanah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Refers to the measurement of time.
- אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֣שֶׁת (ʾIsh-Boshet) – Root: איש (ʾish) + בשת (boshet); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʾIsh-Boshet”; Notes: Name of Shaʾul’s son.
- בֶּן־שָׁא֗וּל (ben-Shaʾul) – Root: בן (ben) + שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “son of Shaʾul”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
- בְּמָלְכֹו֙ (be-malko) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he began to reign”; Notes: Refers to the start of his reign.
- עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (ʿal-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “over Yisraʾel”; Notes: Indicates rule over the nation.
- וּשְׁתַּ֥יִם (ushəttayim) – Root: שנים (shenayim); Form: Numeral, feminine dual; Translation: “two”; Notes: Refers to the duration of reign.
- שָׁנִ֖ים (shanim) – Root: שנה (shanah); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “years”; Notes: Used with the number.
- מָלָ֑ךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Indicates completed action.
- אַ֚ךְ (ʾakh) – Root: אך (ʾakh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “but”; Notes: Introduces contrast.
- בֵּ֣ית יְהוּדָ֔ה (beit-Yehudah) – Root: בית (beit) + יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “house of Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the tribe of Yehudah.
- הָי֖וּ (hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “were”; Notes: Describes past state.
- אַחֲרֵ֥י (ʾaḥarei) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates following.
- דָוִֽד׃ (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.