וְגַם־אֲנִ֗י נָשָׂ֧אתִי יָדִ֛י לָהֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְבִלְתִּי֩ הָבִ֨יא אֹותָ֜ם אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֗תִּי זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ צְבִ֥י הִ֖יא לְכָל־הָאֲרָצֹֽות׃
And I also lifted up My hand to them in the wilderness, that I would not bring them into the land which I had given, flowing with milk and honey, which is the beauty of all the lands.
Morphology
- וְגַם־אֲנִי – Form: Conjunction + adverb + independent pronoun 1cs; Translation: “And I also”; Notes: Emphasizes God’s additional oath of judgment.
- נָשָׂאתִי – Root: נָשָׂא; Form: Qal perfect 1cs; Translation: “I lifted up”; Notes: Gesture of an oath.
- יָדִי – Root: יָד; Form: Noun feminine singular + 1cs suffix; Translation: “my hand”; Notes: Symbolic of swearing an oath.
- לָהֶם – Form: Preposition לְ + third mp suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel.
- בַּמִּדְבָּר – Root: מִדְבָּר; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Location where oath was declared.
- לְבִלְתִּי – Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct of בִּלְתִּי; Translation: “so that not”; Notes: Negates the following infinitive.
- הָבִיא – Root: בּוֹא; Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to bring”; Notes: Causative action of God bringing Yisraʾel.
- אֹותָם – Form: Object pronoun 3mp; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel.
- אֶל־הָאָרֶץ – Root: אֶרֶץ; Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “into the land”; Notes: Refers to the promised land.
- אֲשֶׁר – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- נָתַתִּי – Root: נָתַן; Form: Qal perfect 1cs; Translation: “I had given”; Notes: Refers to God’s gift of the land.
- זָבַת – Root: זוּב; Form: Qal participle feminine singular construct; Translation: “flowing (with)”; Notes: Part of idiomatic phrase about fertility.
- חָלָב – Root: חָלָב; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “milk”; Notes: Symbol of abundance.
- וּדְבַשׁ – Root: דְּבַשׁ; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and honey”; Notes: Paired with milk to indicate prosperity.
- צְבִי – Root: צְבִי; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “beauty / glory”; Notes: Highlights desirability of the land.
- הִיא – Form: Independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it is”; Notes: Functions as copula.
- לְכָל־הָאֲרָצֹות – Root: אֶרֶץ; Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine plural definite; Translation: “of all the lands”; Notes: Expresses superiority over all other lands.