וָאֲצַ֣ו אֶתְכֶ֔ם בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖וא לֵאמֹ֑ר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם נָתַ֨ן לָכֶ֜ם אֶת־הָאָ֤רֶץ הַזֹּאת֙ לְרִשְׁתָּ֔הּ חֲלוּצִ֣ים תַּֽעַבְר֗וּ לִפְנֵ֛י אֲחֵיכֶ֥ם בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כָּל־בְּנֵי־חָֽיִל׃
“And I commanded you at that time, saying, ‘YHWH your God has given you this land to possess it. All your mighty men shall pass over armed before your brothers, the children of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- וָאֲצַ֣ו (vaʾaʾtzav) – Root: צוה (tzwh); Form: Conjunction + Hifil imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “And I commanded”; Notes: Indicates a direct order from Moshe.
- אֶתְכֶ֔ם (etkhem) – Root: את (ʾt); Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- בָּעֵ֥ת (baʿet) – Root: עת (ʿt); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “at the time”; Notes: Denotes a specific point in time.
- הַהִ֖וא (hahiu) – Root: הוא (hwʾ); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “that”; Notes: Refers to the previously mentioned time.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (yhwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם (ʾeloheikhem) – Root: אלה (ʾlh); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Indicates possession and relationship.
- נָתַ֨ן (natan) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has given”; Notes: Describes a completed action by YHWH.
- לָכֶ֜ם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l) + כם (khem); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates the recipients of the gift.
- אֶת־הָאָ֤רֶץ (et-haʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾrṣ); Form: Direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the Promised Land.
- הַזֹּאת֙ (hazzot) – Root: זה (zh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the land in question.
- לְרִשְׁתָּ֔הּ (lerishtah) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to possess it”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the gift.
- חֲלוּצִ֣ים (ḥalutzim) – Root: חלץ (ḥlṣ); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “armed men”; Notes: Refers to those prepared for battle.
- תַּֽעַבְר֗וּ (taʿavru) – Root: עבר (ʿbr); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “shall pass over”; Notes: Indicates an action to be undertaken.
- לִפְנֵ֛י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (pnh); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates the positioning relative to their brothers.
- אֲחֵיכֶ֥ם (aḥeikhem) – Root: אח (ʾḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your brothers”; Notes: Refers to the rest of the people of Yisraʾel.
- בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (benei-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (bn) + שׂראל (śrʾl); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “the children of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the collective nation.
- כָל־בְּנֵי־חָֽיִל׃ (kol-benei-ḥayil) – Root: כל (kl) + חיל (ḥyl); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “all the mighty men”; Notes: Specifies those capable of fighting.