יַ֛עַן אֲשֶׁר־הִכְרַ֥תִּי מִמֵּ֖ךְ צַדִּ֣יק וְרָשָׁ֑ע לָ֠כֵן תֵּצֵ֨א חַרְבִּ֧י מִתַּעְרָ֛הּ אֶל־כָּל־בָּשָׂ֖ר מִנֶּ֥גֶב צָפֹֽון׃
Because I have cut off from you righteous and wicked, therefore my sword shall go out from its sheath against all flesh, from Negev to north.
Morphology
- יַעַן (yaʿan) – Root: יען (yaʿan); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces the reason clause.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that / because”; Notes: Links the causal clause to the main statement.
- הִכְרַתִּי (hikhratti) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Hiphil perfect 1cs; Translation: “I have cut off”; Notes: Divine action of eliminating or removing.
- מִמֵּךְ (mimmekh) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition מִן + 2fs suffix; Translation: “from you”; Notes: Refers to removal from the addressee (likely Jerusalem/Zion).
- צַדִּיק (tsaddiq) – Root: צדק (tsadeq); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “righteous”; Notes: Refers to those aligned with justice.
- וְרָשָׁע (ve-rashaʿ) – Root: רשע (rashaʿ); Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and wicked”; Notes: Sets the opposite category, both included in the judgment.
- לָכֵן (lakhen) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Conjunction/adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces the consequence of the preceding clause.
- תֵּצֵא (tetze) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3fs; Translation: “shall go out”; Notes: Feminine subject “sword” governs the verb.
- חַרְבִּי (ḥarbi) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun feminine singular + 1cs suffix; Translation: “my sword”; Notes: Symbol of divine judgment.
- מִתַּעְרָהּ (mi-taʿrah) – Root: תער (taʿar); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular with 3fs suffix; Translation: “from its sheath”; Notes: Imagery of drawing out a weapon for battle.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “against / toward”; Notes: Indicates direction of judgment.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Serves as a universal quantifier.
- בָּשָׂר (basar) – Root: בשר (basar); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “flesh”; Notes: Refers to all humanity.
- מִנֶּגֶב (min-negev) – Root: נגב (negev); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from Negev”; Notes: Geographical marker, the southern desert region.
- צָפון (tsafon) – Root: צפן (tsafon); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “north”; Notes: Geographic span showing total scope of the sword’s reach.