וְקָרָ֨אתִי עָלָ֤יו לְכָל־הָרַי֙ חֶ֔רֶב נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה חֶ֥רֶב אִ֖ישׁ בְּאָחִ֥יו תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃
And I will call for a sword against him upon all My mountains,” declares the Lord YHWH; “a sword of a man shall be against his brother.
Morphology
- וְקָרָאתִי (ve-qārāʾtī) – Root: קרא (qārāʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1cs; Translation: “and I will call”; Notes: The perfect form with vav-consecutive expresses a future action following YHWH’s decree; divine summons to judgment.
- עָלָיו (ʿālāv) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + pronominal suffix 3ms; Translation: “against him”; Notes: Indicates direction of divine judgment directed at Gog or the target of prophecy.
- לְכָל־הָרַי (le-khol-hā-rai) – Root: הר (har); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular “all” + definite noun masculine plural with 1cs suffix; Translation: “upon all My mountains”; Notes: The suffix “My” expresses YHWH’s ownership—His sacred territory, probably the mountains of Yisraʾel.
- חֶרֶב (ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥārav); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “a sword”; Notes: Symbol of warfare and divine judgment.
- נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (nāʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “utterance” / “declaration”; Notes: Technical prophetic term introducing the solemn declaration of YHWH.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonāy) – Root: אדן (ʾādan); Form: Noun plural of majesty with possessive meaning “my Lord”; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Title of sovereignty used before the divine name YHWH to express reverence.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havāh); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of Israel’s God, denoting His eternal self-existence and authority.
- חֶרֶב (ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥārav); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “a sword”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis—indicating pervasive conflict or mutual destruction.
- אִישׁ (ʾīsh) – Root: אישׁ (ʾīsh); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Refers individually to participants in mutual conflict.
- בְּאָחִיו (be-ʾāḥiv) – Root: אח (ʾāḥ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “against his brother”; Notes: Reflects the internal strife where allies turn upon one another.
- תִּהְיֶה (tihyeh) – Root: היה (hāyāh); Form: Qal imperfect 3fs; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: The subject “sword” is feminine; this verb agrees grammatically and denotes the future certainty of mutual slaughter.