Ezekiel 41:4

וַיָּ֨מָד אֶת־אָרְכֹּ֜ו עֶשְׂרִ֣ים אַמָּ֗ה וְרֹ֛חַב עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אַמָּ֖ה אֶל־פְּנֵ֣י הַֽהֵיכָ֑ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י זֶ֖ה קֹ֥דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִֽׁים׃

And he measured its length, twenty cubits, and its width, twenty cubits, before the temple; and he said to me, “This is the Holy of Holies.”

Morphology

1. וַיָּמָד (va-yamad) – Root: מדד (madad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he measured”; Notes: Describes the prophet’s continued observation of the angel’s precise temple measurements.
2. אֶת־אָרְכֹּו (ʾet-ʾorko) – Root: ארך (ʾarakh); Form: Object marker + noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “its length”; Notes: Refers to the measured longitudinal span of the inner sanctuary.
3. עֶשְׂרִים (ʿesrim) – Root: עשר (ʿasar); Form: Numeral; Translation: “twenty”; Notes: Measurement of the Most Holy Place’s length in cubits.
4. אַמָּה (ʾammah) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “cubit”; Notes: Ancient unit of measure (~45–52 cm per cubit).
5. וְרֹחַב (ve-roḥav) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the width”; Notes: Introduces the crosswise dimension of the Holy of Holies.
6. עֶשְׂרִים (ʿesrim) – Root: עשר (ʿasar); Form: Numeral; Translation: “twenty”; Notes: Matches the length, indicating the chamber’s square dimensions.
7. אַמָּה (ʾammah) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “cubit”; Notes: Reinforces the unit of measurement, emphasizing precision.
8. אֶל־פְּנֵי (ʾel-penei) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition אֶל + construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates spatial orientation facing the main sanctuary (*heikhal*).
9. הַהֵיכָל (ha-heikhal) – Root: היכל (heikhal); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the temple”; Notes: Refers to the principal sanctuary building preceding the innermost chamber.
10. וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces divine explanation or interpretation of the measured space.
11. אֵלַי (ʾelay) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition + suffix 1cs; Translation: “to me”; Notes: The angelic guide addresses the prophet directly.
12. זֶה (zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Points to the designated sacred space.
13. קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh) – Root: קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “holy”; Notes: Refers to sanctity or consecration, denoting divine presence.
14. הַקֳּדָשִׁים (ha-qodashim) – Root: קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “of holies”; Notes: Together with קֹדֶשׁ, forms the superlative phrase “Holy of Holies,” indicating the most sacred inner space where YHWH’s glory dwells.