ויאמר לאברם ידע תדע כי גר יהיה זרעך בארץ לא להם ועבדום וענו אתם ארבע מאות שנה׃
Gen 15:13 [Samaritan]
ויאמר לאברם ידע תדע כי גר יהיה זרעך בארץ לא להם ועבדום וענו אתם ארבע מאות שנה׃
* ידע v.l. יודע
Gen 15:13 [Masoretic]
וַיֹּאמֶר לְאַבְרָם יָדֹעַ תֵּדַע כִּי־גֵר ׀ יִהְיֶה זַרְעֲךָ בְּאֶרֶץ לֹא לָהֶם וַעֲבָדוּם וְעִנּוּ אֹתָם אַרְבַּע מֵאֹות שָׁנָֽה׃
Gen 15:13 [Targum Onkelos]
וַאֲמַר לְאַבְרָם מִידַּע תִּידַּע אֲרֵי דַיָרִין יְהוֹן בְּנָךְ בְּאַרַע לָא דִילְהוֹן וְיָפִלְהוּן בְהוֹן וְיעַנּוּן יַתְהוֹן אַרְבַּע מְאָה שְׁנִין׃
Gen 15:13 [Peshitta]
ܘܐܡܼܪ ܠܐܒܪܡ܂ ܡܕܥ ܬܕܥ܂ ܕܥܡܘܪܐ ܢܗܘܐ ܙܪܥܟ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܕܠܐ ܕܝܠܗܘܢ܂ ܘܢܦܠܚܘܢ ܒܗܘܢ ܘܢܫܥܒܕܘܢ ܐܢܘܢ ܐܪ̈ܒܥܡܐܐ ܫ̈ܢܝܢ܂
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאַבְרָ֗ם יָדֹ֨עַ תֵּדַ֜ע כִּי־גֵ֣ר יִהְיֶ֣ה זַרְעֲךָ֗ בְּאֶ֨רֶץ֙ לֹ֣א לָהֶ֔ם וַעֲבָד֖וּם וְעִנּ֣וּ אֹתָ֑ם אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֹ֖ות שָׁנָֽה׃
And He said to Avram, “Know for certain that your offspring will be strangers in a land not theirs, and they will serve them and oppress them four hundred years.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Refers to God speaking to Avram.
- לְאַבְרָ֗ם (le-Avram) – Root: אברם (Avram); Form: Preposition with proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to Avram”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the speech.
- יָדֹ֨עַ (yadoa) – Root: ידע (yada); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive Absolute; Translation: “Know”; Notes: Emphasizes certainty.
- תֵּדַ֜ע (teda) – Root: ידע (yada); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “you will know”; Notes: Commands Avram to understand.
- כִּי־גֵ֣ר (ki-ger) – Root: גר (ger); Form: Particle + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “that a stranger”; Notes: Refers to the future state of Avram’s offspring.
- יִהְיֶ֣ה (yihyeh) – Root: היה (haya); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “will be”; Notes: Describes the condition of the offspring.
- זַרְעֲךָ֗ (zar’akha) – Root: זרע (zera); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2ms suffix; Translation: “your offspring”; Notes: Refers to Avram’s descendants.
- בְּאֶ֨רֶץ֙ (b’eretz) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “in a land”; Notes: Refers to a foreign land.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Indicates negation.
- לָהֶ֔ם (lahem) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 3mp suffix; Translation: “theirs”; Notes: Refers to the land not belonging to them.
- וַעֲבָד֖וּם (va’avadum) – Root: עבד (avad); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp with 3mp suffix; Translation: “and they will serve them”; Notes: Describes subjugation.
- וְעִנּ֣וּ (v’inu) – Root: ענה (anah); Form: Verb, Piel, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “and oppress”; Notes: Refers to mistreatment.
- אֹתָ֑ם (otam) – Root: את (et); Form: Definite direct object marker with 3mp suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to Avram’s offspring.
- אַרְבַּ֥ע (arba) – Root: ארבע (arba); Form: Number, feminine singular; Translation: “four”; Notes: Specifies the duration.
- מֵאֹ֖ות (me’ot) – Root: מאה (me’ah); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “hundred”; Notes: Completes the time span.
- שָׁנָֽה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “years”; Notes: Indicates the duration of oppression.