Genesis 32:31 (Genesis 32:30)

וַיִּקְרָ֧א יַעֲקֹ֛ב שֵׁ֥ם הַמָּקֹ֖ום פְּנִיאֵ֑ל כִּֽי־רָאִ֤יתִי אֱלֹהִים֙ פָּנִ֣ים אֶל־פָּנִ֔ים וַתִּנָּצֵ֖ל נַפְשִֽׁי׃

And Yaʿaqov called the name of the place Peniʾel, for I have seen God face to face, and my life has been preserved.

 

Morphology

  1. וַיִּקְרָ֧א (vayyiqra) – Root: קרא (qaraʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he called”; Notes: Introduces the naming of a place.
  2. יַעֲקֹ֛ב (Yaʿaqov) – Root: יעקב (Yaʿaqov); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
  3. שֵׁ֥ם (shem) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “name”; Notes: Refers to the designation of the place.
  4. הַמָּקֹ֖ום (ha-maqom) – Root: מקום (maqom); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the place”; Notes: Specifies the location.
  5. פְּנִיאֵ֑ל (Peniʾel) – Root: פני אל (Peni ʾEl); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Peniʾel”; Notes: Name meaning “Face of God.”
  6. כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the name.
  7. רָאִ֤יתִי (raʾiti) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have seen”; Notes: Expresses past experience.
  8. אֱלֹהִים֙ (Elohim) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to the divine.
  9. פָּנִ֣ים (panim) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “face”; Notes: Refers to direct encounter.
  10. אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Expresses direction.
  11. פָּנִ֔ים (panim) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “face”; Notes: Reiterates direct encounter.
  12. וַתִּנָּצֵ֖ל (vattinnatzel) – Root: נצל (natzal); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and was preserved”; Notes: Passive form indicating deliverance.
  13. נַפְשִֽׁי (nafshi) – Root: נפש (nefesh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my life”; Notes: Expresses personal survival.

 

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