Isaiah 59:4

אֵין־קֹרֵ֣א בְצֶ֔דֶק וְאֵ֥ין נִשְׁפָּ֖ט בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה בָּטֹ֤וחַ עַל־תֹּ֨הוּ֙ וְדַבֶּר־שָׁ֔וְא הָרֹ֥ו עָמָ֖ל וְהֹולֵ֥יד אָֽוֶן׃

There is none who calls for justice, and none who pleads with faithfulness. They trust in emptiness and speak falsehood; they conceive trouble and give birth to iniquity.

Morphology

1. אֵין (ʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “There is none”; Notes: Denotes absence of a person or action.
2. קֹרֵא (qore) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “who calls”; Notes: Describes ongoing action or character trait.
3. בְצֶדֶק (be-tseteq) – Root: צדק (tsedeq); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for justice”; Notes: Refers to righteousness or fairness.
4. וְאֵין (veʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Conjunction + negative existential; Translation: “and there is none”; Notes: Continuation of the negative statement.
5. נִשְׁפָּט (nishpat) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “who pleads” or “is judged”; Notes: Passive or reflexive nuance.
6. בֶּאֱמוּנָה (beʾemunah) – Root: אמן (ʾaman); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “with faithfulness”; Notes: Also implies truth, reliability, or integrity.
7. בָּטֹוחַ (batuach) – Root: בטח (bataḥ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he trusts”; Notes: Indicates a misplaced confidence.
8. עַל־תֹּהוּ (ʿal-tohu) – Root: תהו (tohu); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in emptiness”; Notes: Symbol of chaos, vanity, or worthlessness.
9. וְדַבֶּר־שָׁוְא (ve-dabber-shav) – Roots: דבר (davar), שׁוא (shav); Form: Conjunction + Piel infinitive construct + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and speaks falsehood”; Notes: Deliberate lying or empty speech.
10. הָרוֹ (haro) – Root: הרה (harah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “conceives”; Notes: Used figuratively of evil plans or schemes.
11. עָמָל (ʿamal) – Root: עמל (ʿamal); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “trouble” or “mischief”; Notes: Points to labor that brings harm or hardship.
12. וְהוֹלֵיד (ve-holēd) – Root: ילד (yalad); Form: Conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and gives birth to”; Notes: Figurative continuation of the conception image.
13. אָוֶן (ʾaven) – Root: און (ʾaven); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “iniquity” or “wickedness”; Notes: Often used for morally corrupt or destructive behavior.