Jeremiah 31:10

שִׁמְע֤וּ דְבַר־יְהוָה֙ גֹּויִ֔ם וְהַגִּ֥ידוּ בָאִיִּ֖ים מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק וְאִמְר֗וּ מְזָרֵ֤ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יְקַבְּצֶ֔נּוּ וּשְׁמָרֹ֖ו כְּרֹעֶ֥ה עֶדְרֹֽו׃

Hear the word of YHWH, O nations, and declare in the coastlands far away, and say, “He who scattered Yisraʾel will gather him and will keep him as a shepherd his flock.”

Morphology

1. שִׁמְעוּ (shimʿu) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “hear”; Notes: Command to listen attentively to a divine message.
2. דְבַר־יְהוָה (devar-YHWH) – Root: דבר; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper divine name; Translation: “the word of YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the prophetic message.
3. גֹּויִם (goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “nations”; Notes: Non-Israelite peoples, the intended audience.
4. וְהַגִּידוּ (ve-haggîdu) – Root: נגד; Form: Hiphil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and declare”; Notes: Causative form meaning to proclaim or announce publicly.
5. בָאִיִּים (ba-iyyim) – Root: אי; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “in the coastlands”; Notes: Geographic term for distant maritime regions.
6. מִמֶּרְחָק (mi-merḥaq) – Root: מרחק; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from afar”; Notes: Denotes great distance.
7. וְאִמְרוּ (ve-ʾimrû) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and say”; Notes: Introduces the specific message to be proclaimed.
8. מְזָרֵה (mezareh) – Root: זרה; Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “he who scattered”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s past judgment in dispersing His people.
9. יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant people.
10. יְקַבְּצֶנּוּ (yeqabbetsennu) – Root: קבץ; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “will gather him”; Notes: Intensive stem emphasizing deliberate regathering.
11. וּשְׁמָרוֹ (u-shemaro) – Root: שׁמר; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and will keep him”; Notes: Indicates protective care.
12. כְּרֹעֶה (ke-roʿeh) – Root: רעה; Form: Preposition כְּ + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “as a shepherd”; Notes: Pastoral metaphor for guidance and protection.
13. עֶדְרֹו (edro) – Root: עדר; Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his flock”; Notes: Symbol of YHWH’s covenant people under His care.