Jeremiah 4:2

וְנִשְׁבַּ֨עְתָּ֙ חַי־יְהוָ֔ה בֶּאֱמֶ֖ת בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט וּבִצְדָקָ֑ה וְהִתְבָּ֥רְכוּ בֹ֛ו גֹּויִ֖ם וּבֹ֥ו יִתְהַלָּֽלוּ׃ ס

And you shall swear ‘As YHWH lives’ in truth, in justice, and in righteousness, and in Him the nations shall bless themselves and in Him they shall boast.”

Morphology

1. וְנִשְׁבַּ֨עְתָּ (ve-nishbaʿta) – Root: שׁבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And you shall swear”; Notes: The Nifal is passive-reflexive here, standard for oaths; the vav suggests a consequence or command in sequence.
2. חַי־יְהוָ֔ה (ḥai-YHWH) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Noun masculine singular in construct + divine name; Translation: “As YHWH lives”; Notes: Standard Hebrew oath formula invoking the life of YHWH.
3. בֶּאֱמֶ֖ת (be-ʾemet) – Root: אמת (ʾemet); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in truth”; Notes: One of three qualities expected in the oath.
4. בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט (be-mishpaṭ) – Root: שׁפט (shafaṭ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in justice”; Notes: Refers to fair judgment or legal integrity.
5. וּבִצְדָקָ֑ה (u-vi-tsedaqah) – Root: צדק (tsedeq); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and in righteousness”; Notes: Ethical uprightness completing the triad of qualities.
6. וְהִתְבָּ֥רְכוּ (ve-hitbarekhu) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall bless themselves”; Notes: Reflexive blessing, often implying invoking blessing by association.
7. בֹו (vo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Preposition בְּ + third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in Him”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the one in whom the nations will find blessing.
8. גֹּויִ֖ם (goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun masculine plural absolute; Translation: “nations”; Notes: Refers to non-Yisraʾelite peoples — the Gentiles.
9. וּבֹ֥ו (u-vo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and in Him”; Notes: Repetition for poetic emphasis, parallels blessing with boasting.
10. יִתְהַלָּֽלוּ (yithallalu) – Root: הלל (halal); Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall boast”; Notes: Reflexive; indicates exultation or glorying in YHWH.