עַל־כֵּ֤ן אָמַ֨רְתִּי֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כָּל־נֶ֥פֶשׁ מִכֶּ֖ם לֹא־תֹ֣אכַל דָּ֑ם וְהַגֵּ֛ר הַגָּ֥ר בְּתֹוכְכֶ֖ם לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל דָּֽם׃ ס
Therefore I said to the children of Yisra’el, “No person among you shall eat blood, nor shall the stranger who sojourns among you eat blood.”
Morphology
- עַל־כֵּ֤ן (ʿal-ken) – Root: כן (k-n); Form: Preposition + adverb; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Indicates the reason for the prohibition.
- אָמַ֨רְתִּי֙ (amarti) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s command.
- לִבְנֵ֣י (li-vnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “To the children of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (y-sh-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Denotes the nation of Israel.
- כָּל־נֶ֥פֶשׁ (kol-nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “Every person”; Notes: Refers to every individual.
- מִכֶּ֖ם (mi-kem) – Root: מן (m-n); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Among you”; Notes: Specifies inclusion.
- לֹא־תֹ֣אכַל (lo-to’khal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “Shall not eat”; Notes: Prohibits consumption.
- דָּ֑ם (dam) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Blood”; Notes: The object of the prohibition.
- וְהַגֵּ֛ר (ve-ha-ger) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “And the stranger”; Notes: Refers to a non-native resident.
- הַגָּ֥ר (ha-gar) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Who sojourns”; Notes: Specifies the action of living temporarily.
- בְּתֹוכְכֶ֖ם (be-tokhekhem) – Root: תוך (t-w-k); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Among you”; Notes: Refers to the community of Yisra’el.
- לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל (lo-yo’khal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall not eat”; Notes: Restates the prohibition.
- דָּֽם (dam) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Blood”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject of the command.