וְאִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּמִן־הַגֵּר֙ הַגָּ֣ר בְּתֹוכָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצ֜וּד צֵ֥יד חַיָּ֛ה אֹו־עֹ֖וף אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֑ל וְשָׁפַךְ֙ אֶת־דָּמֹ֔ו וְכִסָּ֖הוּ בֶּעָפָֽר׃
And any man from the children of Yisra’el or from the stranger who sojourns among them who hunts any animal or bird that may be eaten, he shall pour out its blood and cover it with earth.
Morphology
- וְאִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ (ve-ish ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And any man”; Notes: Emphasizes inclusivity.
- מִבְּנֵ֣י (mi-bnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “From the children of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (y-sh-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: The nation of Israel.
- וּמִן־הַגֵּר֙ (u-min-ha-ger) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “And from the stranger”; Notes: Refers to non-native residents.
- הַגָּ֣ר (ha-gar) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Who sojourns”; Notes: Specifies their action of dwelling.
- בְּתֹוכָ֔ם (be-tokham) – Root: תוך (t-w-k); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Among them”; Notes: Indicates location.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: Particle; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יָצ֜וּד (yatsud) – Root: צוד (ts-w-d); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Hunts”; Notes: Refers to the act of capturing game.
- צֵ֥יד (tsaid) – Root: ציד (ts-y-d); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Game”; Notes: Refers to hunted animals.
- חַיָּ֛ה (chayyah) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “Animal”; Notes: Refers to wild animals.
- אֹו־עֹ֖וף (o-of) – Root: עוף (ʿ-w-p); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Or bird”; Notes: Indicates another category of permissible game.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: Particle; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces the clause specifying edibility.
- יֵאָכֵ֑ל (ye’akhel) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “May be eaten”; Notes: Refers to permitted animals.
- וְשָׁפַךְ֙ (ve-shafakh) – Root: שפך (sh-p-kh); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall pour out”; Notes: Specifies the action required for the blood.
- אֶת־דָּמֹ֔ו (et-damo) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its blood”; Notes: Refers to the blood of the hunted animal or bird.
- וְכִסָּ֖הוּ (ve-kissahu) – Root: כסה (k-s-h); Form: Conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And cover it”; Notes: Refers to the blood.
- בֶּעָפָֽר (be-afar) – Root: עפר (ʿ-f-r); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “With earth”; Notes: Indicates the material used for covering.