וְנֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תַקְרִ֞יב קָרְבַּ֤ן מִנְחָה֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה סֹ֖לֶת יִהְיֶ֣ה קָרְבָּנֹ֑ו וְיָצַ֤ק עָלֶ֨יהָ֙ שֶׁ֔מֶן וְנָתַ֥ן עָלֶ֖יהָ לְבֹנָֽה׃
And when a soul brings near an offering of grain to YHWH, fine flour shall be his offering, and he shall pour oil on it and put frankincense on it.
Morphology
- וְנֶפֶשׁ (ve-nefesh) – Root: נפשׁ; Form: Noun feminine singular with conjunction; Translation: “and a soul”; Notes: Refers to a person or individual, emphasizing the offerer.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Introduces a condition.
- תַקְרִיב (takriv) – Root: קרב; Form: Hiphil imperfect 3fs; Translation: “brings near”; Notes: Technical sacrificial verb in causative stem.
- קָרְבַּן (qarban) – Root: קרב; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “offering”; Notes: General term for an offering presented to YHWH.
- מִנְחָה (minḥah) – Root: נחה (possibly related to gift); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “grain offering”; Notes: A tribute or meal offering, usually of flour.
- לַיהוָה (la-YHWH) – Root: —; Form: Preposition + proper divine name; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Marks dedication of the gift to YHWH.
- סֹלֶת (solet) – Root: —; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “fine flour”; Notes: Refined wheat flour used for offerings.
- יִהְיֶה (yihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Indicates requirement regarding the nature of the offering.
- קָרְבָּנֹו (qarbano) – Root: קרב; Form: Noun masculine singular with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his offering”; Notes: Possessive, referring to the individual’s gift.
- וְיָצַק (ve-yatsaq) – Root: יצק; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he shall pour”; Notes: Describes adding oil to the flour.
- עָלֶיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3fs suffix; Translation: “on it”; Notes: Refers to the flour offering.
- שֶׁמֶן (shemen) – Root: —; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “oil”; Notes: Olive oil, commonly used in grain offerings.
- וְנָתַן (ve-natan) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he shall put”; Notes: Adds a further element to the offering.
- עָלֶיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3fs suffix; Translation: “on it”; Notes: Again refers to the grain offering.
- לְבֹנָה (levonah) – Root: לבן (“white”); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “frankincense”; Notes: Aromatic resin burned with the offering for fragrance.