דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧ם מַקְדִּשִׁ֛ים לִ֖י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
“Speak to Aharon and his sons and command them to separate themselves from the holy things of the children of Yisra’el, and they shall not profane My holy name, which they sanctify to Me. I am YHWH.
Morphology
- דַּבֵּ֨ר (dabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Piel imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Speak”; Notes: A command directed to Mosheh to convey God’s message.
- אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן (el-Aharon) – Root: אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Preposition “to” + proper noun; Translation: “To Aharon”; Notes: Refers to the High Priest of Yisra’el.
- וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו (veʾel-banav) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Conjunction “and” + preposition “to” + plural noun with possessive suffix (3rd person masculine singular); Translation: “And to his sons”; Notes: Refers to Aharon’s male descendants.
- וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ (ve-yinnazru) – Root: נזר (n-z-r); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they shall separate themselves”; Notes: Indicates an action of consecration or separation from impurity.
- מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י (miqqodshei) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Noun plural construct with preposition “from”; Translation: “From the holy things”; Notes: Refers to items or offerings dedicated to God.
- בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (benei-Yisra’el) – Root: בן (b-n) + ישראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Construct noun “sons of” + proper noun; Translation: “Of the children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yisra’el (Jacob).
- וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ (ve-lo yeḥallelu) – Root: חלל (ḥ-l-l); Form: Conjunction “and” + negation “not” + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they shall not profane”; Notes: Emphasizes avoiding desecration of sacred items.
- אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י (et-shem qodshi) – Root: שם (sh-m) + קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Direct object marker + noun construct with possessive suffix (1st person singular); Translation: “My holy name”; Notes: Refers to God’s sacred reputation.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- הֵ֧ם מַקְדִּשִׁ֛ים (hem maqdishim) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Pronoun “they” + Hifil participle masculine plural; Translation: “They sanctify”; Notes: Indicates an active role in dedicating something as holy.
- לִ֖י (li) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with suffix (1st person singular); Translation: “To Me”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- אֲנִ֥י (ani) – Form: Pronoun; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes the identity of YHWH as the speaker.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.