כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה הִנְנִי֩ מֵקִ֨ים עָלֶ֤יךָ רָעָה֙ מִבֵּיתֶ֔ךָ וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י אֶת־נָשֶׁ֨יךָ֙ לְעֵינֶ֔יךָ וְנָתַתִּ֖י לְרֵעֶ֑יךָ וְשָׁכַב֙ עִם־נָשֶׁ֔יךָ לְעֵינֵ֖י הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ הַזֹּֽאת׃
Thus says YHWH: ‘Behold, I am raising up evil against you from your own house, and I will take your wives before your eyes and give them to your companion, and he shall lie with your wives in the sight of this sun.
Morphology
- כֹּ֣ה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Thus”; Notes: Formulaic opening for prophetic speech.
- אָמַ֣ר (amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Refers to divine utterance.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.
- הִנְנִי֩ (hinneni) – Root: הן (hen); Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Introduces significant divine action.
- מֵקִ֨ים (meqim) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “raising up”; Notes: Causative, ongoing action.
- עָלֶ֤יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Direction of the action.
- רָעָה֙ (raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Calamity or judgment.
- מִבֵּיתֶ֔ךָ (mi-beitkha) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from your house”; Notes: Indicates origin of the threat.
- וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י (velaqaḥti) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw; Translation: “and I will take”; Notes: Future action stated as resolved fact.
- אֶת־נָשֶׁ֨יךָ֙ (et-nashekha) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your wives”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s harem.
- לְעֵינֶ֔יךָ (le-ʿeineikha) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition + noun feminine dual + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “before your eyes”; Notes: Denotes public disgrace.
- וְנָתַתִּ֖י (venatatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw; Translation: “and I will give”; Notes: Action of transferring possession.
- לְרֵעֶ֑יךָ (le-reʿekha) – Root: רע (reʿa); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your companion”; Notes: Someone close to Dawid, likely a rival.
- וְשָׁכַב֙ (veshakav) – Root: שכב (shakav); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw; Translation: “and he shall lie”; Notes: Euphemism for sexual relations.
- עִם־נָשֶׁ֔יךָ (ʿim-nashekha) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with your wives”; Notes: Intensifies the humiliation.
- לְעֵינֵ֖י (le-ʿeinei) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition + noun feminine dual construct; Translation: “in the sight of”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis on public nature.
- הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ (ha-shemesh) – Root: שמש (shemesh); Form: Noun feminine singular with article; Translation: “the sun”; Notes: Symbol of openness and publicity.
- הַזֹּֽאת (ha-zot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative feminine singular with article; Translation: “this”; Notes: Emphasizes immediacy and specificity.