אֶ֗פֶס כִּֽי־נִאֵ֤ץ נִאַ֨צְתָּ֙ אֶת־אֹיְבֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה בַּדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה גַּ֗ם הַבֵּ֛ן הַיִּלֹּ֥וד לְךָ֖ מֹ֥ות יָמֽוּת׃
However, because you have utterly scorned the enemies of YHWH by this matter, also the son born to you shall surely die.
Morphology
- אֶ֗פֶס (efes) – Root: אפס; Form: Adverb; Translation: “However” or “but”; Notes: Introduces a limiting contrast.
- כִּֽי־נִאֵ֤ץ (ki-niʾets) – Root: נאץ; Form: Conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “because he has scorned”; Notes: Piel intensifies the verb; context implies Dawid as the subject through the next verb.
- נִאַ֨צְתָּ֙ (niʾatsta) – Root: נאץ; Form: Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you have scorned”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- אֶת־אֹיְבֵ֣י (et-ʾoyvei) – Root: איב; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the enemies of”; Notes: Object of the verb.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenantal God of Yisraʾel.
- בַּדָּבָ֖ר (ba-davar) – Root: דבר; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with article; Translation: “by the matter”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s sin with Bat-Sheva and Uriyyah.
- הַזֶּ֑ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the preceding noun.
- גַּ֗ם (gam) – Root: גם; Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Introduces the consequence.
- הַבֵּ֛ן (ha-ben) – Root: בן; Form: Noun masculine singular with article; Translation: “the son”; Notes: Subject of the following verbs.
- הַיִּלֹּ֥וד (ha-yillod) – Root: ילד; Form: Nifal passive participle masculine singular with article; Translation: “who is born”; Notes: Refers to the child of Dawid and Bat-Sheva.
- לְךָ֖ (lekha) – Root: ל; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Belongs to Dawid.
- מֹ֥ות (mot) – Root: מות; Form: Infinitive absolute; Translation: “surely die”; Notes: Emphatic form paired with finite verb for certainty.
- יָמֽוּת (yamut) – Root: מות; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Combined with infinitive absolute for emphasis.