2 Samuel 12:16

וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּעַ֣ד הַנָּ֑עַר וַיָּ֤צָם דָּוִד֙ צֹ֔ום וּבָ֥א וְלָ֖ן וְשָׁכַ֥ב אָֽרְצָה׃

And Dawid sought God on behalf of the child, and Dawid fasted a fast, and he went in and spent the night lying on the ground.

Morphology

1. וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ (vayyǝvaqqesh) – Root: בקש; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he sought”; Notes: Intensified action of seeking, often used for prayer or urgent plea.
2. דָּוִ֛ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
3. אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים (et-haʾElohim) – Root: אלוה; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine plural (plural of majesty) with article; Translation: “God”; Notes: Object of the verb “sought.”
4. בְּעַ֣ד (beʿad) – Root: בעד; Form: Preposition; Translation: “on behalf of”; Notes: Intercessory preposition, implying concern or advocacy.
5. הַנָּ֑עַר (ha-naʿar) – Root: נער; Form: Noun masculine singular with article; Translation: “the child”; Notes: Refers to the sick son of Dawid and Bat-Sheva.
6. וַיָּ֤צָם (vayyatzom) – Root: צום; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he fasted”; Notes: Religious act, part of mourning and supplication.
7. דָּוִד֙ (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
8. צֹ֔ום (tzom) – Root: צום; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a fast”; Notes: Object of the verb, indicating the act of fasting.
9. וּבָ֥א (uva) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he came in”; Notes: Continuation of Dawid’s actions.
10. וְלָ֖ן (ve-lan) – Root: לון; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he spent the night”; Notes: Often used for sleeping overnight.
11. וְשָׁכַ֥ב (ve-shakhav) – Root: שכב; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he lay down”; Notes: Dawid’s physical posture during mourning.
12. אָרְֽצָה (ʾartzah) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun feminine singular with directional he; Translation: “on the ground”; Notes: Indicates humility, mourning.