מַדּ֗וּעַ לֹֽא־אֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם אֶת־הַחַטָּאת֙ בִּמְקֹ֣ום הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ כִּ֛י קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים הִ֑וא וְאֹתָ֣הּ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֗ם לָשֵׂאת֙ אֶת־עֲוֹ֣ן הָעֵדָ֔ה לְכַפֵּ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
“Why have you not eaten the sin offering in the holy place, since it is most holy, and He gave it to you to bear the iniquity of the congregation, to make atonement for them before YHWH?
Morphology
- מַדּ֗וּעַ (maddua) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces a question asking for a reason.
- לֹֽא־אֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם (lo-akhaltem) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Negative particle + verb, Qal, perfect, 2mp; Translation: “Have you not eaten”; Notes: Refers to the failure to consume the sin offering.
- אֶת־הַחַטָּאת֙ (et-hachattaʾt) – Root: חטא (ḥ-ṭ-ʾ); Form: Direct object marker + noun, fs; Translation: “The sin offering”; Notes: Refers to the offering designated for atonement.
- בִּמְקֹ֣ום (bimkom) – Root: מקום (m-q-m); Form: Preposition + noun, ms construct; Translation: “In the place of”; Notes: Refers to the designated location for eating the offering.
- הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ (haqodesh) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “The holy”; Notes: Refers to the sacred area.
- כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Since”; Notes: Introduces the rationale for the question.
- קֹ֥דֶשׁ (kodesh) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Holy”; Notes: Describes the sanctity of the offering.
- קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים (kadoshim) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Noun, mp; Translation: “Most holy”; Notes: Indicates the highest degree of holiness.
- הִ֑וא (hi) – Root: הוא (h-w); Form: Pronoun, 3fs; Translation: “It is”; Notes: Refers to the sin offering.
- וְאֹתָ֣הּ (ve’otah) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + 3fs suffix; Translation: “And it”; Notes: Refers to the sin offering.
- נָתַ֣ן (natan) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He gave”; Notes: Refers to YHWH giving the offering to the priests.
- לָכֶ֗ם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + 2mp suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Refers to Aharon and his sons.
- לָשֵׂאת֙ (laset) – Root: נשא (n-s-ʾ); Form: Preposition + verb, Qal, infinitive construct; Translation: “To bear”; Notes: Indicates the role of the priests in carrying the iniquity.
- אֶת־עֲוֹ֣ן (et-ʿavon) – Root: עון (ʿ-v-n); Form: Direct object marker + noun, ms construct; Translation: “The iniquity of”; Notes: Refers to the sins of the congregation.
- הָעֵדָ֔ה (ha’edah) – Root: עדה (ʿ-d-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “The congregation”; Notes: Refers to the people of Israel.
- לְכַפֵּ֥ר (lekapper) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Preposition + verb, Piel, infinitive construct; Translation: “To make atonement”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the sin offering.
- עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (aleihem) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 3mp suffix; Translation: “For them”; Notes: Refers to the congregation of Israel.
- לִפְנֵ֥י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition + noun, mp construct; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Refers to presenting the offering in the presence of YHWH.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the LORD.