וְאָכַלְתָּ֞ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ בַּמָּקֹ֣ום אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַר֮ לְשַׁכֵּ֣ן שְׁמֹ֣ו שָׁם֒ מַעְשַׂ֤ר דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ תִּֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ וְיִצְהָרֶ֔ךָ וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת בְּקָרְךָ֖ וְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ לְמַ֣עַן תִּלְמַ֗ד לְיִרְאָ֛ה אֶת־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃
And you shall eat before YHWH your God in the place which He will choose to establish His name there: the tithe of your grain, your wine, and your oil, and the firstborn of your herd and flock, so that you may learn to fear YHWH your God all the days.
Morphology
- וְאָכַלְתָּ֞ (ve’akhalta) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “And you shall eat”; Notes: Indicates a future obligation connected to the command.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Preposition with noun in construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Refers to worship in YHWH’s presence.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ (ʾeloheikha) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Indicates the personal relationship with YHWH.
- בַּמָּקֹ֣ום (bammakom) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the place”; Notes: Refers to the centralized location of worship.
- אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַר֮ (asher yivḥar) – Root: בחר (b-ḥ-r); Form: Relative pronoun with Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “which He will choose”; Notes: Indicates divine selection.
- לְשַׁכֵּ֣ן (leshakken) – Root: שכן (sh-k-n); Form: Pi’el infinitive construct; Translation: “to establish”; Notes: Refers to God’s presence or name dwelling in a chosen place.
- שְׁמֹ֣ו (shemov) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His name”; Notes: Represents God’s presence and authority.
- מַעְשַׂ֤ר (maʿaser) – Root: עשר (ʿ-s-r); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “tithe”; Notes: Refers to one-tenth of the produce or income.
- דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ (degankha) – Root: דגן (d-g-n); Form: Noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your grain”; Notes: Indicates produce from the field.
- תִּֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ (tiroshekha) – Root: תירוש (t-y-r-sh); Form: Noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your wine”; Notes: Refers to fresh wine or grape juice.
- וְיִצְהָרֶ֔ךָ (viyitsharekha) – Root: יצהר (y-ts-h-r); Form: Noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your oil”; Notes: Refers to olive oil.
- וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת (uv’khorot) – Root: בכור (b-kh-r); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “and the firstborn”; Notes: Refers to the first offspring of livestock.
- בְּקָרְךָ֖ (bekarkha) – Root: בקר (b-q-r); Form: Noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “of your herd”; Notes: Indicates cattle.
- וְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ (v’tsonekha) – Root: צאן (ts-ʾ-n); Form: Noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and your flock”; Notes: Refers to smaller livestock such as sheep and goats.
- לְמַ֣עַן (lemaʿan) – Root: מען (m-ʿ-n); Form: Preposition; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Indicates purpose or reason.
- תִּלְמַ֗ד (tilmad) – Root: למד (l-m-d); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you may learn”; Notes: Emphasizes the educational purpose of the command.
- לְיִרְאָ֛ה (le’yirah) – Root: ירא (y-r-ʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to fear”; Notes: Refers to reverence and awe towards YHWH.
- אֶת־יְהוָ֥ה (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ (ʾelohekha) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Reinforces the personal nature of worship.
- כָּל־ (kol-) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Indicates entirety or completeness.
- הַיָּמִֽים׃ (hayamim) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the days”; Notes: Refers to continual practice.