כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לִבְנֵ֣י עֵשָׂ֔ו הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִשְׁמִ֤יד אֶת־הַחֹרִי֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּֽירָשֻׁם֙ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ תַחְתָּ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיֹּ֥ום הַזֶּֽה׃
As He did for the descendants of ʿEsav dwelling in Seʿir, when He destroyed the Ḥori before them, and they dispossessed them and lived in their place until this day.
Morphology
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾšr); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “As”; Notes: Introduces a comparative clause.
- עָשָׂה֙ (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿśh); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He did”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s actions.
- לִבְנֵ֣י (livnei) – Root: בן (bn); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “for the descendants of”; Notes: Indicates the recipients.
- עֵשָׂ֔ו (ʿEsav) – Root: עשׂו (ʿśw); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Esav”; Notes: Name of Yaʿaqov’s brother.
- הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים (hayošvim) – Root: ישׁב (yšb); Form: Qal participle masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Describes the inhabitants of Seʿir.
- בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר (beseʿir) – Root: שׂעיר (śʿyr); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Seʿir”; Notes: Refers to the mountainous region.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾšr); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “when”; Notes: Links the clause to YHWH’s action.
- הִשְׁמִ֤יד (hišmid) – Root: שׁמד (šmd); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He destroyed”; Notes: Indicates causative action.
- אֶת־הַחֹרִי֙ (ʾet-haḥori) – Root: חור (ḥwr); Form: Definite direct object marker + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the Ḥori”; Notes: Refers to the pre-Esav inhabitants.
- מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם (mipneihem) – Root: פנה (pnh); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “from before them”; Notes: Indicates removal.
- וַיִּֽירָשֻׁם֙ (vayyirašum) – Root: ירשׁ (yrš); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “and they dispossessed them”; Notes: Denotes conquest.
- וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ (vayyēšvu) – Root: ישׁב (yšb); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they lived”; Notes: Describes settlement.
- תַחְתָּ֔ם (taḥtam) – Root: תחת (tḥt); Form: Preposition with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “in their place”; Notes: Refers to displacement.
- עַ֖ד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿd); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Indicates duration.
- הַיֹּ֥ום (hayyom) – Root: יום (ywm); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the day”; Notes: Refers to the present time.
- הַזֶּֽה׃ (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the time.